SpringCloud学习笔记

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Spring Cloud Alibaba 01_使用 nacos 实现服务治理

转x33g5p2x  于2021-12-18 转载在 其他  
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Spring Cloud Alibaba 01_使用 nacos 实现服务治理

  • 创建 spring Boot 父工程 springcloudalibabademo，修改版本为 2.3.0.RELEASE
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.blu</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloudalibabademo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springcloudalibabademo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR3</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
  • 服务治理（服务注册和服务发现）

服务注册

2.2.1.RELEASE 版本的 spring-cloud-alibaba 对应的 nacos 版本为 1.2.1

下载nacos 1.2.1：https://github.com/alibaba/nacos/releases/tag/1.2.1

解压启动后，访问nacos（初始用户名和密码都是nacos）：http://localhost:8848/nacos/index.html

创建 spring Boot 子模块 provider

将子模块 provider 的 parent 标签修改为父工程信息

添加 nacos 的依赖，版本（2.2.1.RELEASE）与父工程的 spring-cloud-alibaba 版本一致：

<parent>
	<groupId>com.blu</groupId>
	<artifactId>springcloudalibabademo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
	<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.blu</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloudalibabademo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.blu</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>provider</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

编写 application.yml 配置文件：

spring:
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
  application:
    name: provider

server:
  port: 8080

ProviderController

package com.blu.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class ProviderController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;

    @GetMapping("/index")
    public String index(){
        return this.port;
    }

}

启动，服务注册成功：

修改端口号，启动3个实例

如果出现以下窗口，在Run/Debug Configurations 中勾选 Allow parallel on 即可启动多个实例：

实例数变为了3：

点击详情可查看和配置集群信息：

服务发现

创建 spring Boot 子模块 consumer

修改 parent 标签并添加 nacos 的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.blu</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloudalibabademo</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.blu</groupId>
    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>consumer</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

将端口设置为 8100 :

server:
  port: 8100

ConsumerConfiguration（注入RestTemplate）：

package com.blu.configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConsumerConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

ConsumerController ：

package com.blu.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

@RestController
public class ConsumerController {

    @Autowired
    private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    //RestTemplate不会自动装载，不能直接用，需要在配置类中配置
    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/instances")
    public List<ServiceInstance> instances(){
        List<ServiceInstance> provider = discoveryClient.getInstances("provider");
        return provider;
    }

    @GetMapping("index")
    public String index(){
        //调用provider服务的index方法
        //1. 找到provider实例
        List<ServiceInstance> list = discoveryClient.getInstances("provider");
        //2. 产生随机数0，1，2
        int index = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt(list.size());
        //3. 根据随机数0，1，2随机获取服务的3个实例
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = list.get(index);
        //4. 获取服务的uri: localhost:8080
        String uri = serviceInstance.getUri().toString();
        //5. 拼接url: localhost:8080/index
        String url = uri + "/index";
        //使用RestTemplate调用
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
        return "调用的端口为："+ result;

    }

}

启动访问：http://localhost:8100/instances

访问：http://localhost:8100/index

这里访问的服务实例是随机的

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原文链接 : https://blucoding.blog.csdn.net/article/details/109162166

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