Apache HttpClient PUT HTTP请求示例

转x33g5p2x  于2022-10-07 转载在 Apache  
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在这篇快速文章中，我们将逐步讨论如何使用Apache HttpClient 4.5来进行HTTP PUT请求。HTTP PUT请求方法要求服务器接受并存储所提供的URI中包含的实体。如果URI指向一个已经存在的资源，它将被修改；如果URI没有指向一个现有的资源，那么服务器可以用该URI创建资源。
HttpClient支持HTTP/1.1规范中定义的所有HTTP方法：GET、HEAD、POST、PUT、DELETE、TRACE、OPTIONS。每种方法类型都有一个特定的类：HttpGet、HttpHead、HttpPost、HttpPut、HttpDelete、HttpTrace、和HttpOptions。
在这个例子中，我们将使用HttpPut类来处理PUT HTTP方法。

使用Apache HttpClient

Apache HttpClient库允许处理HTTP请求。要使用这个库，请在你的Maven或Gradle构建文件中添加一个依赖项。你可以在这里找到最新版本：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient

我们使用maven来管理我们的依赖，并使用Apache HttpClient 4.5版。为使HTTP PUT请求方法，请在你的项目中添加以下依赖。

  1. <dependency>
  2.  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  3.  <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  4.  <version>4.5</version>
  5. </dependency>

开发步骤

让我们创建一个逐步的例子，使用HttpClient制作一个HTTP PUT请求。

1. 使用辅助类HttpClients创建CloseableHttpClient的实例。

  1. CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault()

HttpClients.createDefault()方法以默认配置创建CloseableHttpClient实例。

2. 创建一个基本的PUT请求

  1. HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut("http://localhost:8080/api/v1/users/5");

3. 为PUT HTTP请求添加头信息

  1. HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut("http://localhost:8080/api/v1/users/5");
  2. httpPut.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
  3. httpPut.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");

4. 在PUT请求中添加JSON数据

  1. String json = "{\r\n" + 
  2.   "  \"firstName\": \"Ram\",\r\n" + 
  3.   "  \"lastName\": \"Jadhav\",\r\n" + 
  4.   "  \"emailId\": \"ramesh1234@gmail.com\",\r\n" + 
  5.   "  \"createdAt\": \"2018-09-11T11:19:56.000+0000\",\r\n" + 
  6.   "  \"createdBy\": \"Ramesh\",\r\n" + 
  7.   "  \"updatedAt\": \"2018-09-11T11:26:31.000+0000\",\r\n" + 
  8.   "  \"updatedby\": \"Ramesh\"\r\n" + 
  9.   "}";
  10. StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json);
  11. httpPut.setEntity(stringEntity);

5. 创建一个自定义的响应处理程序

  1. ResponseHandler < String > responseHandler = response - > {
  2.     int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  3.     if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
  4.         HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
  5.         return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
  6.     } else {
  7.         throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status);
  8.     }
  9. };

6. 通过execute()方法发送一个基本的POST请求

  1. String responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpPut, responseHandler);

HttpClient HTTP PUT请求方法实例

让我们来讨论如何在实时项目中使用HttpClient。考虑到我们已经部署了Spring Boot Restful CRUD APIs。请看这篇文章 - Spring Boot 2 + hibernate 5 + CRUD REST API教程。

在下面的例子中，我们发送一个资源给http://localhost:8080/api/v1/users/5。这个资源接受请求的JSON，对其进行处理并将其存储到数据库中。这个服务也会返回一个带有更新资源的响应。在这个例子中，我们使用Java 7 try-with-resources来自动处理ClosableHttpClient的关闭，我们也使用Java 8 lambdas来处理ResponseHandler。

  1. package com.javadevelopersguide.httpclient.examples;
  3. import java.io.IOException;
  5. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  6. import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
  7. import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
  8. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
  9. import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
  10. import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
  11. import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  12. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  14. /**
  15. * This example demonstrates the use of {@link HttpPut} request method.
  16. * @author Ramesh Fadatare
  17. */
  19. public class PUTRequestExample {
  21.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
  22.         putUser();
  23.     }
  25.     public static void putUser() throws IOException {
  26.         try (CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault()) {
  27.             HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut("http://localhost:8080/api/v1/users/5");
  28.             httpPut.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
  29.             httpPut.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
  30.             String json = "{\r\n" + "  \"firstName\": \"Ram\",\r\n" + "  \"lastName\": \"Jadhav\",\r\n" +
  31.                 "  \"emailId\": \"ramesh1234@gmail.com\",\r\n" +
  32.                 "  \"createdAt\": \"2018-09-11T11:19:56.000+0000\",\r\n" + "  \"createdBy\": \"Ramesh\",\r\n" +
  33.                 "  \"updatedAt\": \"2018-09-11T11:26:31.000+0000\",\r\n" + "  \"updatedby\": \"Ramesh\"\r\n" +
  34.                 "}";
  35.             StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json);
  36.             httpPut.setEntity(stringEntity);
  38.             System.out.println("Executing request " + httpPut.getRequestLine());
  40.             // Create a custom response handler
  41.             ResponseHandler < String > responseHandler = response - > {
  42.                 int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  43.                 if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
  44.                     HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
  45.                     return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
  46.                 } else {
  47.                     throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status);
  48.                 }
  49.             };
  50.             String responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpPut, responseHandler);
  51.             System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
  52.             System.out.println(responseBody);
  53.         }
  54.     }
  55. }

输出

  1. Executing request PUT http://localhost:8080/api/v1/users/5 HTTP/1.1
  2. ----------------------------------------
  3. {"id":5,"firstName":"Ram","lastName":"Jadhav","emailId":"ramesh1234@gmail.com",
  4. "createdAt":"2018-09-11T11:19:56.000+0000","createdBy":"Ramesh",
  5. "updatedAt":"2018-10-29T09:43:13.756+0000","updatedby":"Ramesh"}

更多的例子

在下面的例子中，我们将数据放入资源http://httpbin.org/put。这个资源确认了数据并返回一个JSON对象，我们将简单地将其打印到控制台。

  1. package com.javadevelopersguide.httpclient.examples;
  3. import java.io.IOException;
  5. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  6. import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
  7. import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
  8. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
  9. import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
  10. import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
  11. import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  12. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  14. /**
  15. * This example demonstrates the use of {@link HttpPut} request method.
  16. * 
  17. * @author Ramesh Fadatare
  18. */
  20. public class PUTRequestExample {
  22.     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
  23.         put();
  24.     }
  26.     public static void put() throws IOException {
  27.         try (CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault()) {
  28.             HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut("http://httpbin.org/put");
  29.             httpPut.setEntity(new StringEntity("Hello, World"));
  31.             System.out.println("Executing request " + httpPut.getRequestLine());
  33.             // Create a custom response handler
  34.             ResponseHandler < String > responseHandler = response - > {
  35.                 int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  36.                 if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
  37.                     HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
  38.                     return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
  39.                 } else {
  40.                     throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status);
  41.                 }
  42.             };
  43.             String responseBody = httpclient.execute(httpPut, responseHandler);
  44.             System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
  45.             System.out.println(responseBody);
  46.         }
  47.     }
  49. }

输出

  1. Executing request PUT http://httpbin.org/put HTTP/1.1
  2. ----------------------------------------
  3. {
  4.   "args": {}, 
  5.   "data": "Hello, World", 
  6.   "files": {}, 
  7.   "form": {}, 
  8.   "headers": {
  9.     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate", 
  10.     "Connection": "close", 
  11.     "Content-Length": "12", 
  12.     "Content-Type": "text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1", 
  13.     "Host": "httpbin.org", 
  14.     "User-Agent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.5 (Java/1.8.0_172)"
  15.   }, 
  16.   "json": null, 
  17.   "origin": "49.35.12.218", 
  18.   "url": "http://httpbin.org/put"
  19. }

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原文链接 : https://www.javaguides.net/2018/10/apache-httpclient-put-http-request-example.html

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