Apache HttpClient上传文件示例

转x33g5p2x  于2022-10-07 转载在 Apache  
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在本文中，我们将演示如何使用Apache HttpClient 4.5+执行多部分上载操作。
我们将使用http://httpbin.org/post作为测试服务器，因为它是公共的，可以接受大多数类型的内容。
如果您想深入挖掘并学习HttpClient可以做的其他很酷的事情，请转到HttpClient主教程。

Maven依赖

我们使用maven来管理依赖项，并使用e1d1e4.5版。将以下依赖项添加到您的项目中。

  1. <project
  2.     xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
  3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4.  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  5.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  6.     <groupId>com.developersguide.httpclient</groupId>
  7.     <artifactId>apache-httpclient-guide</artifactId>
  8.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  9.     <description></description>
  10.     <dependencies>
  11.         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
  12.         <dependency>
  13.             <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  14.             <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  15.             <version>4.5</version>
  16.         </dependency>
  17.         <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpmime -->
  18.         <dependency>
  19.             <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  20.             <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId>
  21.             <version>4.5</version>
  22.         </dependency>
  23.     </dependencies>
  24.     <build>
  25.         <plugins>
  26.             <plugin>
  27.                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
  28.                 <version>3.5.1</version>
  29.                 <configuration>
  30.                     <source>1.8</source>
  31.                     <target>1.8</target>
  32.                 </configuration>
  33.             </plugin>
  34.         </plugins>
  35.     </build>
  36. </project>

多部分文件上载

1.使用助手类HttpClients创建CloseableHttp客户端的实例。

  1. CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault()

HttpClients.createDefault()方法使用默认配置创建CloseableHttpClient实例。

2.构建多部分上传请求

  1. // build multipart upload request
  2. HttpEntity data = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE)
  3. .addBinaryBody("upfile", file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, file.getName())
  4. .addTextBody("text", message, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY).build();

3.构建HTTP请求并分配多部分上传数据

  1. HttpEntity data = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE)
  2. .addBinaryBody("upfile", file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, file.getName())
  3. .addTextBody("text", message, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY).build();
  4. HttpUriRequest request = RequestBuilder.post("http://httpbin.org/post").setEntity(data).build();

4.创建自定义响应处理程序

  1. ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = response -> {
  2.  int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  3.  if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
  4.   HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
  5.   return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
  6.  } else {
  7.   throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status);
  8.  }
  9. };

创建多部分实体的更直接方法是使用addBinaryBody和AddTextBody方法。这些方法用于上载文本、文件、字符数组和InputStream对象。
让我们使用MultipartEntityBuilder创建一个HttpEntity。当我们创建构建器时，我们添加了一个二进制体——包含将要上载的文件和一个文本体。

  1. package com.javadevelopersguide.httpclient.examples;
  3. import java.io.File;
  4. import java.io.IOException;
  6. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  7. import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
  8. import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;
  9. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
  10. import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
  11. import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
  12. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
  13. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
  14. import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
  15. import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  16. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  18. /**
  19. * This example demonstrates the use of {@link HttpPost} request method.
  20. * And sending Multipart Form requests
  21. * @author Ramesh Fadatare
  22. */
  23. public class HttpClientMultipartUploadExample {
  24.     public static void main(String...args) throws IOException {
  26.         try (CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault()) {
  28.             File file = new File("demo.png");
  29.             String message = "This is a multipart post";
  31.             // build multipart upload request
  32.             HttpEntity data = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE)
  33.                 .addBinaryBody("upfile", file, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY, file.getName())
  34.                 .addTextBody("text", message, ContentType.DEFAULT_BINARY).build();
  36.             // build http request and assign multipart upload data
  37.             HttpUriRequest request = RequestBuilder.post("http://httpbin.org/post").setEntity(data).build();
  39.             System.out.println("Executing request " + request.getRequestLine());
  41.             // Create a custom response handler
  42.             ResponseHandler < String > responseHandler = response - > {
  43.                 int status = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
  44.                 if (status >= 200 && status < 300) {
  45.                     HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
  46.                     return entity != null ? EntityUtils.toString(entity) : null;
  47.                 } else {
  48.                     throw new ClientProtocolException("Unexpected response status: " + status);
  49.                 }
  50.             };
  51.             String responseBody = httpclient.execute(request, responseHandler);
  52.             System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
  53.             System.out.println(responseBody);
  54.         }
  55.     }
  56. }

输出

  1. Executing request POST http://httpbin.org/post HTTP/1.1
  2. ----------------------------------------
  3. {
  4.   "args": {}, 
  5.   "data": "", 
  6.   "files": {
  7.     "upfile": "data:application/octet-stream;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAA0YAAADmCAYAAADx0JVrAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJ..."
  8.   }, 
  9.   "form": {
  10.     "text": "This is a multipart post"
  11.   }, 
  12.   "headers": {
  13.     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip,deflate", 
  14.     "Connection": "close", 
  15.     "Content-Length": "9527", 
  16.     "Content-Type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=IJeEBy_OHEtuA2sJyD2wp9S7YXhruSRMLYg4Z", 
  17.     "Host": "httpbin.org", 
  18.     "User-Agent": "Apache-HttpClient/4.5 (Java/1.8.0_172)"
  19.   }, 
  20.   "json": null, 
  21.   "origin": "49.35.12.218", 
  22.   "url": "http://httpbin.org/post"
  23. }

使用AddPart方法

让我们从查看MultipartEntityBuilder对象开始，将部件添加到Http实体，然后通过POST操作上传该实体。
这是一种向表示表单的HttpEntity中添加部件的通用方法。让我们看看示例代码示例：

  1. package com.javadevelopersguide.httpclient.siteexamples;
  3. import java.io.File;
  5. import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
  6. import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
  7. import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
  8. import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
  9. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
  10. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
  11. import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
  12. import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
  13. import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
  14. import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
  16. /**
  17. * Example how to use multipart/form encoded POST request.
  18. */
  19. public class ClientMultipartFormPost {
  21.     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  22.         if (args.length != 1) {
  23.             System.out.println("File path not given");
  24.             System.exit(1);
  25.         }
  26.         CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
  27.         try {
  28.             HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080" +
  29.                 "/servlets-examples/servlet/RequestInfoExample");
  31.             FileBody bin = new FileBody(new File(args[0]));
  32.             StringBody comment = new StringBody("A binary file of some kind", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);
  34.             HttpEntity reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create()
  35.                 .addPart("bin", bin)
  36.                 .addPart("comment", comment)
  37.                 .build();
  40.             httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);
  42.             System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getRequestLine());
  43.             CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
  44.             try {
  45.                 System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
  46.                 System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
  47.                 HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
  48.                 if (resEntity != null) {
  49.                     System.out.println("Response content length: " + resEntity.getContentLength());
  50.                 }
  51.                 EntityUtils.consume(resEntity);
  52.             } finally {
  53.                 response.close();
  54.             }
  55.         } finally {
  56.             httpclient.close();
  57.         }
  58.     }
  59. }

查看https://www.baeldung.com/httpclient-multipart-upload文章，了解更多上传字节数组、文本、Zip文件、图像文件和文本部分的信息。

版权说明 : 本文为转载文章, 版权归原作者所有 版权申明

原文链接 : https://www.javaguides.net/2018/10/apache-httpclient-upload-file-example.html

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