1.下载MYSQL rpm安装包并安装

下载MySQL官方的Yum Repository

wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

通过yum命名安装MYSQL

yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm

安装MySQL服务器

yum -y install mysql-community-server

2. MySQL数据库启动及设置

启动MySQL

systemctl start  mysqld.service

查看MySQL运行状态

systemctl status mysqld.service

如果Active为active(running)则表示mysql正常启动成功
此时需要找出root的密码

grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-09-11T04:00:08.625129Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sE(1d+#J<j4L

说明密码为：sE(1d+#J<j4L
接下来修改MYSQL登录密码。
先登录MYSQL

# mysql -uroot -p

输入初始密码，此时不能做任何事情，因为MYSQL默认必须修改密码才能正常使用

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';

这里可能会报错，提示新密码设置过于简单。报错信息如下：

ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

可通过如下命令进行修改密码格式，然后在重新设置密码。

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;

还有一个问题就是Yum Repository,以后每次 yum 操作都会自动更新，需要把这个卸载掉

yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch

远程登录数据库出现下面出错信息

ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can’t connect to MySQL server on ‘xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’,

原因是没有授予相应的权限

#任何主机
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
#指定主机
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'jack'@’10.10.50.127’ IDENTIFIED BY '654321' WITH GRANT OPTION;

然后刷新权限

mysql>flush privileges;

修改mysql数据库总的user表使相的用户能从某一主机登录

mysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
mysql>select host, user from user;

客户端提供MYSQL的环境，但是不支持中文,通过以下命令可以查看mysql的字符集

mysql>show variables like 'character_set%';

显示如下：

为了让 MySQL支持中文，需要把字符集改成UTF-8，方法如下

# vim /etc/my.cnf

改成如下内容

[client]
port=3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
character-set-server=utf8
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

重启mysql服务

# service mysqld restart

重新查看数据库编码

show variables like 'character_set%';

效果如下,可看到都改为utf-8