Hive路径= /usr/local/hive/ hadoop路径= /usr/local/hadoop/ hadoop版本=2.6.0
配置单元版本=2.3.2
我又加了一句。加进去 /lib 中的路径和hdf的目录 /input 下载链接=此处（hive-serdes-1.0-snapshot）
我在hiveshell中添加了.jar文件 add jar /usr/local/hive/lib/hive-serdes-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar; 在创建一个外部表来存储json文件中的数据时，出现以下错误

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE twitter(id BIGINT,text STRING) ROW FORMAT SERDE 'com.cloudera.hive.serde.JSONSerDe' LOCATION '/input/';

执行错误，从org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.ddltask返回代码1。org/apache/hadoop/hive/serde2/serde
日志文件-

> 2018-01-24T19:57:40,386  INFO [e81a3c51-48a3-49e9-8121-e50b1ca97a90 main] ql.Driver: Executing command(queryId=infoobjects_20180124195740_04de95b6-9188-4b4e-9561-66c9db233cb9): create external table twitter(id BIGINT,text STRING) ROW FORMAT SERDE 'com.cloudera.hive.serde.JSONSerDe' LOCATION '/input/'
2018-01-24T19:57:40,387  INFO [e81a3c51-48a3-49e9-8121-e50b1ca97a90 main] ql.Driver: Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
2018-01-24T19:57:40,388 ERROR [e81a3c51-48a3-49e9-8121-e50b1ca97a90 main] exec.DDLTask: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/hive/serde2/SerDe
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:73)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:338)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:411)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:348)
    at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByNameOrNull(Configuration.java:2013)
    at org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration.getClassByName(Configuration.java:1978)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask.validateSerDe(DDLTask.java:4213)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.plan.CreateTableDesc.toTable(CreateTableDesc.java:723)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask.createTable(DDLTask.java:4321)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask.execute(DDLTask.java:354)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Task.executeTask(Task.java:199)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.TaskRunner.runSequential(TaskRunner.java:100)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.launchTask(Driver.java:2183)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.execute(Driver.java:1839)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.runInternal(Driver.java:1526)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:1237)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.Driver.run(Driver.java:1227)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLocalCmd(CliDriver.java:233)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processCmd(CliDriver.java:184)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.processLine(CliDriver.java:403)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.executeDriver(CliDriver.java:821)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:759)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:686)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
    at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.serde2.SerDe
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:338)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 40 more
2018-01-24T19:57:40,388 ERROR [e81a3c51-48a3-49e9-8121-e50b1ca97a90 main] ql.Driver: FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask. org/apache/hadoop/hive/serde2/SerDe

我为任何错误道歉，这是我在这里的第一个问题（因为我在网上找不到解决办法）。提前谢谢。
更新：阿里的回答对我有效。此外，我还必须重新格式化json以包含单行json对象。