恢复分区（msck修复表）
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/hive/languagemanual+ddl#languagemanualddl-恢复分区（msckrepairtable）

MSCK REPAIR TABLE table_name;

分区将自动添加

使用动态分区，不需要手动创建目录。但是动态分区模式需要设置为nonstrict，默认情况下是strict

CREATE External TABLE profile (
userId int
)
PARTITIONED BY (city String)
location '/user/test/profile';

set hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode=nonstrict;

hive> insert into profile partition(city) 
      select * from nonpartition;

hive> select * from profile;
OK
1   Chicago
1   Chicago
2   Orlando

在hdfs中

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ hdfs dfs -ls /user/test/profile
Found 2 items
drwxr-xr-x   - cloudera supergroup          0 2016-08-26
22:40 /user/test/profile/city=Chicago
drwxr-xr-x   - cloudera supergroup          0 2016-08-26 
22:40 /user/test/profile/city=Orlando