我认为以下代码可以帮助您：

FilterList filterList = new FilterList();
    SingleColumnValueFilter filter1 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("someFamily"), Bytes.toBytes("col1"), CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, Bytes.toBytes("val1"));
    filter1.setFilterIfMissing(true);
    filterList.addFilter(filter1);

    SingleColumnValueFilter filter2 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("someFamily"), Bytes.toBytes("col2"), CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, Bytes.toBytes("val2"));
    filter2.setFilterIfMissing(true);
    filterList.addFilter(filter2);

    SingleColumnValueFilter filter3 = new SingleColumnValueFilter(Bytes.toBytes("someFamily"), Bytes.toBytes("col3"), CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, new NullComparator());
    filter3.setFilterIfMissing(false);
    filterList.addFilter(filter3);

    Scan scan = new Scan();
    scan.setFilter(filterList);
    ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
    for (Result res : resultScanner) {
        System.out.println(res);
    }
    resultScanner.close();

我在网上很难找到答案。我终于弄明白了，其实很简单——就是没有答案：

Scan scanner = new Scan();

    SingleColumnValueFilter filter = new SingleColumnValueFilter(
        Bytes.toBytes( "some family" ),
        Bytes.toBytes( "some column" ),
        CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL,
        Bytes.toBytes( "" )
    );
    filter.setFilterIfMissing( false );

    scanner.setFilter( filter );
    return scanner;

解决方案的关键部分是设置 setFilterIfMissing 为false并与空字符串进行比较。