cassandra中的读取失败

0h4hbjxa  于 2021-06-15  发布在  Cassandra
关注(0)|答案(1)|浏览(642)

我有一个单节点Cassandra设置。我在运行cassandra cqlsh时遇到以下错误 select count(*) where 查询表:
完成查询:

SELECT count(*) FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE
creation_time > '2018-09-16 00:00:00' and creation_time < '2018-09-16 23:59:59' 
ALLOW FILTERING;

响应消息:

ReadFailure: Error from server: code=1300 [Replica(s) failed to execute read] 
message="Operation failed - received 0 responses and 1 failures" 
info={'failures': 1, 'received_responses': 0, 'required_responses': 1, 'consistency': 'ONE'}

表架构:

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS casb.o365_activity_log_by_date (
    current_date date,
    creation_time timestamp,
    insertion_time timestamp,
    id text,
    client_ip text,
    workload text,
    operation text,
    user_id text,
    object_id text,
    activity_detail text,
    PRIMARY KEY ((current_date), insertion_time, id)
    )
) WITH CLUSTERING ORDER BY (insertion_time DESC, id DESC)
    AND bloom_filter_fp_chance = 0.01
    AND caching = {'keys': 'ALL', 'rows_per_partition': 'NONE'}
    AND comment = ''
    AND compaction = {'class': 'org.apache.cassandra.db.compaction.SizeTieredCompactionStrategy', 'max_threshold': '32', 'min_threshold': '4'}
    AND compression = {'chunk_length_in_kb': '64', 'class': 'org.apache.cassandra.io.compress.LZ4Compressor'}
    AND crc_check_chance = 1.0
    AND dclocal_read_repair_chance = 0.1
    AND default_time_to_live = 0
    AND gc_grace_seconds = 864000
    AND max_index_interval = 2048
    AND memtable_flush_period_in_ms = 0
    AND min_index_interval = 128
    AND read_repair_chance = 0.0
    AND speculative_retry = '99PERCENTILE';

我有另一个基于python的应用程序正在从该表中读取数据,而这项工作似乎被卡住了。
日志:
/var/log/cassandra/system.log ```
WARN [ReadStage-2] 2018-09-16 22:06:48,803 ReadCommand.java:533 - Read 58545 live rows and 100001 tombstone cells for query SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE creation_time > 2018-09-16 00:00Z AND creation_time < 2018-09-16 23:59Z LIMIT 100 (see tombstone_warn_threshold)
ERROR [ReadStage-2] 2018-09-16 22:06:48,804 StorageProxy.java:1906 - Scanned over 100001 tombstones during query 'SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE creation_time > 2018-09-16 00:00Z AND creation_time < 2018-09-16 23:59Z LIMIT 100' (last scanned row partion key was ((2018-09-15), 2018-09-15 08:09Z, 72160ee4-5310-4941-af92-d27ced9c9ca8)); query aborted
WARN [Native-Transport-Requests-1] 2018-09-16 22:07:02,937 SelectStatement.java:430 - Aggregation query used without partition key
WARN [Native-Transport-Requests-1] 2018-09-16 22:07:45,946 SelectStatement.java:430 - Aggregation query used without partition key
WARN [ReadStage-2] 2018-09-16 22:07:47,200 ReadCommand.java:533 - Read 58545 live rows and 100001 tombstone cells for query SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE creation_time > 2018-09-16 00:00Z AND creation_time < 2018-09-16 23:59Z LIMIT 100 (see tombstone_warn_threshold)
ERROR [ReadStage-2] 2018-09-16 22:07:47,200 StorageProxy.java:1906 - Scanned over 100001 tombstones during query 'SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE creation_time > 2018-09-16 00:00Z AND creation_time < 2018-09-16 23:59Z LIMIT 100' (last scanned row partion key was ((2018-09-15), 2018-09-15 08:09Z, 72160ee4-5310-4941-af92-d27ced9c9ca8)); query aborted
WARN [Native-Transport-Requests-1] 2018-09-16 22:17:52,810 SelectStatement.java:430 - Aggregation query used without partition key
WARN [ReadStage-2] 2018-09-16 22:17:54,513 ReadCommand.java:533 - Read 58545 live rows and 100001 tombstone cells for query SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE creation_time > 2018-09-17 00:00Z AND creation_time < 2018-09-17 23:59Z LIMIT 100 (see tombstone_warn_threshold)
ERROR [ReadStage-2] 2018-09-16 22:17:54,513 StorageProxy.java:1906 - Scanned over 100001 tombstones during query 'SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date WHERE creation_time > 2018-09-17 00:00Z AND creation_time < 2018-09-17 23:59Z LIMIT 100' (last scanned row partion key was ((2018-09-15), 2018-09-15 08:09Z, 72160ee4-5310-4941-af92-d27ced9c9ca8)); query aborted
WARN [Native-Transport-Requests-3] 2018-09-16 22:18:09,541 SelectStatement.java:430 - Aggregation query used without partition key
INFO [ScheduledTasks:1] 2018-09-16 22:18:17,143 NoSpamLogger.java:91 - Some operations were slow, details available at debug level (debug.log)
WARN [Native-Transport-Requests-1] 2018-09-16 22:18:28,160 SelectStatement.java:430 - Aggregation query used without partition key
WARN [Native-Transport-Requests-1] 2018-09-16 22:18:47,943 SelectStatement.java:430 - Aggregation query used without partition key
INFO [CompactionExecutor:75] 2018-09-16 22:28:26,738 AutoSavingCache.java:394 - Saved KeyCache (48 items) in 250 ms
INFO [IndexSummaryManager:1] 2018-09-16 22:29:27,992 IndexSummaryRedistribution.java:75 - Redistributing index summaries

更多详细信息:
我可以在同一个表上运行以下查询,而不会出现任何错误: `SELECT * FROM casb.o365_activity_log_by_date;` 在上面的查询中,我可以看到有一些列的值大多为空。看到这一点,从日志中我猜这与Cassandra的墓碑有关。
我该怎么办?我研究了这个答案,那么我应该清理墓碑吗?我不确定。
bis0qfac

bis0qfac1#

您的查询使用了两种可能是针对cassandra的反模式。
首先,您要计算整个数据库中的所有键。这将导致在cassandra中读取磁盘上的所有数据,因为没有像rdbms那样的索引可以快速回答您的问题。感到震惊的是 SELECT * FROM foo; 或者 SELECT count(*) FROM bar; 在Cassandra总是很慢。
第二,你忽视了Cassandra的警告 ALLOW FILTERING 必须明确写入。请记住,这是为了保护您进行整个集群读取。您的select语句正在筛选 creation_time 不是主键的一部分。
所以我敢打赌,当查询运行时,您正在超时。看看你的衣服 system.log 来自Cassandra,经常在 /var/log/cassandra/system.log 从软件包安装时。
一般来说,如果你想使用cassandra,我建议你学习一些数据建模课程,例如datastax提供的课程。它通常归结为:围绕您将要使用的查询构建数据模型-必要时进行反规范化,以便您的查询在理想情况下只命中一个分区键。

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