select @fromdb:="crm";
select @todb:="crmen";
SET group_concat_max_len=100000000;
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT( concat("CREATE TABLE `",@todb,"`.`",table_name,"` LIKE `",@fromdb,"`.`",table_name,"`;\n",
"INSERT INTO `",@todb,"`.`",table_name,"` SELECT * FROM `",@fromdb,"`.`",table_name,"`;")
SEPARATOR '\n\n')
as sqlstatement
FROM information_schema.tables where table_schema=@fromdb and TABLE_TYPE='BASE TABLE';
(见mysql create table docs) 您可以编写一个脚本,从 SHOW TABLES 并将架构复制到另一个数据库。您应该能够引用schema+表名,例如:
CREATE TABLE x LIKE other_db.y;
就数据而言,您也可以在mysql中完成,但不一定很快。创建引用后,可以运行以下操作来复制数据:
INSERT INTO x SELECT * FROM other_db.y;
如果您使用的是myisam,最好是复制表文件;会快得多。如果您将innodb用于每个表空间,那么您应该也可以这样做。 如果你最后做了一个 INSERT INTO SELECT ,请确保使用临时关闭索引 ALTER TABLE x DISABLE KEYS ! editmaatkit还有一些脚本可能有助于同步数据。它可能不会更快,但您可能可以在实时数据上运行它们的同步脚本,而无需太多锁定。
SET @NewSchema = 'your_new_db';
SET @OldSchema = 'your_exists_db';
SELECT CONCAT('CREATE TABLE ',@NewSchema,'.',table_name, ' LIKE ', TABLE_SCHEMA ,'.',table_name,';INSERT INTO ',@NewSchema,'.',table_name,' SELECT * FROM ', TABLE_SCHEMA ,'.',table_name,';')
FROM information_schema.TABLES where TABLE_SCHEMA = @OldSchema AND TABLE_TYPE != 'VIEW';
/* This function takes the database connection, an existing database, and the new database and duplicates everything in the new database. */
function copyDatabase($c, $oldDB, $newDB) {
// creates the schema if it does not exist
$schema = "CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS {$newDB};";
mysqli_query($c, $schema);
// selects the new schema
mysqli_select_db($c, $newDB);
// gets all tables in the old schema
$tables = "SELECT table_name
FROM information_schema.tables
WHERE table_schema = '{$oldDB}'
AND table_type = 'BASE TABLE'";
$results = mysqli_query($c, $tables);
// checks if any tables were returned and recreates them in the new schema, adds the foreign keys, and inserts the associated data
if (mysqli_num_rows($results) > 0) {
// recreates all tables first
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
$table = "CREATE TABLE {$newDB}.{$row[0]} LIKE {$oldDB}.{$row[0]}";
mysqli_query($c, $table);
}
// resets the results to loop through again
mysqli_data_seek($results, 0);
// loops through each table to add foreign key and insert data
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
// inserts the data into each table
$data = "INSERT IGNORE INTO {$newDB}.{$row[0]} SELECT * FROM {$oldDB}.{$row[0]}";
mysqli_query($c, $data);
// gets all foreign keys for a particular table in the old schema
$fks = "SELECT constraint_name, column_name, table_name, referenced_table_name, referenced_column_name
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage
WHERE referenced_table_name IS NOT NULL
AND table_schema = '{$oldDB}'
AND table_name = '{$row[0]}'";
$fkResults = mysqli_query($c, $fks);
// checks if any foreign keys were returned and recreates them in the new schema
// Note: ON UPDATE and ON DELETE are not pulled from the original so you would have to change this to your liking
if (mysqli_num_rows($fkResults) > 0) {
while ($fkRow = mysqli_fetch_array($fkResults)) {
$fkQuery = "ALTER TABLE {$newDB}.{$row[0]}
ADD CONSTRAINT {$fkRow[0]}
FOREIGN KEY ({$fkRow[1]}) REFERENCES {$newDB}.{$fkRow[3]}({$fkRow[1]})
ON UPDATE CASCADE
ON DELETE CASCADE;";
mysqli_query($c, $fkQuery);
}
}
}
}
// gets all views in the old schema
$views = "SHOW FULL TABLES IN {$oldDB} WHERE table_type LIKE 'VIEW'";
$results = mysqli_query($c, $views);
// checks if any views were returned and recreates them in the new schema
if (mysqli_num_rows($results) > 0) {
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
$view = "SHOW CREATE VIEW {$oldDB}.{$row[0]}";
$viewResults = mysqli_query($c, $view);
$viewRow = mysqli_fetch_array($viewResults);
mysqli_query($c, preg_replace("/CREATE(.*?)VIEW/", "CREATE VIEW", str_replace($oldDB, $newDB, $viewRow[1])));
}
}
// gets all triggers in the old schema
$triggers = "SELECT trigger_name, action_timing, event_manipulation, event_object_table, created
FROM information_schema.triggers
WHERE trigger_schema = '{$oldDB}'";
$results = mysqli_query($c, $triggers);
// checks if any triggers were returned and recreates them in the new schema
if (mysqli_num_rows($results) > 0) {
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
$trigger = "SHOW CREATE TRIGGER {$oldDB}.{$row[0]}";
$triggerResults = mysqli_query($c, $trigger);
$triggerRow = mysqli_fetch_array($triggerResults);
mysqli_query($c, str_replace($oldDB, $newDB, $triggerRow[2]));
}
}
// gets all procedures in the old schema
$procedures = "SHOW PROCEDURE STATUS WHERE db = '{$oldDB}'";
$results = mysqli_query($c, $procedures);
// checks if any procedures were returned and recreates them in the new schema
if (mysqli_num_rows($results) > 0) {
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
$procedure = "SHOW CREATE PROCEDURE {$oldDB}.{$row[1]}";
$procedureResults = mysqli_query($c, $procedure);
$procedureRow = mysqli_fetch_array($procedureResults);
mysqli_query($c, str_replace($oldDB, $newDB, $procedureRow[2]));
}
}
// gets all functions in the old schema
$functions = "SHOW FUNCTION STATUS WHERE db = '{$oldDB}'";
$results = mysqli_query($c, $functions);
// checks if any functions were returned and recreates them in the new schema
if (mysqli_num_rows($results) > 0) {
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
$function = "SHOW CREATE FUNCTION {$oldDB}.{$row[1]}";
$functionResults = mysqli_query($c, $function);
$functionRow = mysqli_fetch_array($functionResults);
mysqli_query($c, str_replace($oldDB, $newDB, $functionRow[2]));
}
}
// selects the old schema (a must for copying events)
mysqli_select_db($c, $oldDB);
// gets all events in the old schema
$query = "SHOW EVENTS
WHERE db = '{$oldDB}';";
$results = mysqli_query($c, $query);
// selects the new schema again
mysqli_select_db($c, $newDB);
// checks if any events were returned and recreates them in the new schema
if (mysqli_num_rows($results) > 0) {
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_array($results)) {
$event = "SHOW CREATE EVENT {$oldDB}.{$row[1]}";
$eventResults = mysqli_query($c, $event);
$eventRow = mysqli_fetch_array($eventResults);
mysqli_query($c, str_replace($oldDB, $newDB, $eventRow[3]));
}
}
}
11条答案
按热度按时间carvr3hs1#
在php中:
krugob8w2#
实际上,我想在php中实现这一点,但这里的答案都不是很有帮助,所以下面是我使用mysqli的非常简单的解决方案:
o4hqfura3#
我看得出你说你不想用
mysqldump
,但我在查找类似解决方案时访问了此页,其他人可能也会找到它。有鉴于此,下面是一种从windows服务器的命令行复制数据库的简单方法:使用mysqladmin或您喜欢的方法创建目标数据库。在这个例子中,
db2
是目标数据库,源数据库db1
将被复制。在命令行上执行以下语句:
mysqldump -h [server] -u [user] -p[password] db1 | mysql -h [server] -u [user] -p[password] db2
注意:中间没有空格-p
以及[password]
sqyvllje4#
如果您使用的是linux,那么可以使用这个bash脚本:(它可能需要一些额外的代码清理,但是它可以工作。。。而且比mysqldump(mysql)快得多
bq3bfh9z5#
显示sql命令的sql需要运行才能将数据库从一个数据库复制到另一个数据库。对于每个表,都有create table语句和insert语句。它假定两个数据库位于同一服务器上:
wrrgggsh6#
注意,作为附加mysql实用程序的一部分,有一个mysqldbcopy命令。。。。https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-utilities/1.5/en/utils-task-clone-db.html
sf6xfgos7#
通过运行以下命令,可以复制没有数据的表:
(见mysql create table docs)
您可以编写一个脚本,从
SHOW TABLES
并将架构复制到另一个数据库。您应该能够引用schema+表名,例如:就数据而言,您也可以在mysql中完成,但不一定很快。创建引用后,可以运行以下操作来复制数据:
如果您使用的是myisam,最好是复制表文件;会快得多。如果您将innodb用于每个表空间,那么您应该也可以这样做。
如果你最后做了一个
INSERT INTO SELECT
,请确保使用临时关闭索引ALTER TABLE x DISABLE KEYS
!editmaatkit还有一些脚本可能有助于同步数据。它可能不会更快,但您可能可以在实时数据上运行它们的同步脚本,而无需太多锁定。
yi0zb3m48#
mysqldump是一个不错的解决方案。复制数据库的最简单方法:
mysqldump -uusername -ppass dbname1 | mysql -uusername -ppass dbname2
此外,您还可以通过以下方式更改存储引擎:mysqldump -uusername -ppass dbname1 | sed 's/InnoDB/RocksDB/' | mysql -uusername -ppass dbname2
kcrjzv8t9#
我真的不知道你说的“本地访问”是什么意思。但对于该解决方案,您需要能够通过ssh访问服务器,以复制存储数据库的文件。
我不能使用mysqldump,因为我的数据库很大(7go,mysqldump fail),如果2个mysql数据库的版本太不同,它可能无法工作,您可以使用mysql-v检查您的mysql版本。
1) 将数据从远程服务器复制到本地计算机(vps是远程服务器的别名,可以替换为root@1.2.3.4)
2) 导入复制到本地计算机上的数据
如果您有不同的版本,则可能需要运行
jei2mxaa10#
不使用mysqldump克隆数据库表的最佳方法:
创建新数据库。
使用以下查询创建克隆查询:
运行输出!
但请注意,上面的脚本只是快速克隆表,而不是视图、触发器和用户函数:您可以通过
mysqldump --no-data --triggers -uroot -ppassword
,然后使用仅克隆insert语句。为什么是实际问题?因为如果数据库超过2gb,mysqldumps的上传速度会非常慢。而且不能仅仅通过复制数据库文件(比如快照备份)来克隆innodb表。
2nbm6dog11#
所有先前的解决方案都有一点道理,但是,它们并没有复制所有的内容。我创建了一个php函数(尽管有点长),它可以复制所有内容,包括表、外键、数据、视图、过程、函数、触发器和事件。代码如下: