如果列数多于此列，则需要关联子查询 group by 与 max() 足以达到期望的结果：

select t.*
from table t
where t.id = (select max(t1.id) from table t1 where t1.Number = t.Number);

不过，最新版本还有一个选项可以通过使用 row_number() .

试着用一个简单的 GROUP BY 查询：

SELECT MAX(Id) AS Id, Number
FROM yourTable
GROUP BY Number;

在更新的问题/查询的上下文中：

SELECT
    MAX(rarN.intIdRARNomina) AS Id,
    rarN.chrCUIL AS Number
FROM dbo.PVN_RAR p
INNER JOIN dbo.PVN_RARNomina rarN
    ON p.intIdRAR = rarN.intIdRAR
INNER JOIN PISCYS.dbo.SYA_UltimosContratoCliente uc
    ON p.intNroContrato = uc.intNroContrato
WHERE
    p.intIdRAR = 4639
GROUP BY
    Number;

另一种方法是使用自联接：

select t.*
from table t
inner join (select max(id) as DID, number from table group by number) t2
on t.ID = t2.DID