您可以尝试以下操作：

import groovy.sql.Sql

//describe the DB connection params
def db = [
        url:'jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/information_schema',
        user:'root',
        password:'',
        driver:'com.mysql.jdbc.Driver']

//New connection
def sql = Sql.newInstance(db.url, db.user, db.password, db.driver)

def output = []
//query
String sqlString = "select schema_name from information_schema.schemata"
sql.eachRow(sqlString){ row ->
  output.push(row.schema_name)
}
//clean up
sql.close()

如果你喜欢的话，现在可以往里面看：

//Check what's up
String[] dbs = output as String[]

println dbs

在我的机器上，输出是这样的：

[information_schema, mysql,******, performance_schema, sys]

如果由于某种原因无法连接到db，则会出现异常。这里有更多的文件。
在jenkins管道中，可以使用choiceparameterdefinition。类似这样的内容（免责声明-未测试）：

stage('Ask DB') {

    echo "Collecting user input about the DB..."

    String[] dbs = ...;//collect DB-s here

    //define the choice
    userChoice = new ChoiceParameterDefinition('targetDB',
            dbs,//<-- Pass array here!
            'Choose wisely your DB!')

    def targetDB = input(
            id: 'target-db',
            message: 'What is the DB?',
            parameters: [userChoice])

    echo "Input collected, proceeding for DB [${targetDB}]"
  }