您可以使用调用kuduapi的脚本来实现这一点。您需要在发布管道中添加一个azure powershell任务并运行kudu api。下面的脚本就是一个例子。
1、脚本创建一个组件目录

$WebApp = Get-AzWebApp -Name '<appname>' -ResourceGroupName '<resourcegroupname>'
[xml]$publishingProfile = Get-AzWebAppPublishingProfile -WebApp $WebApp

# Create Base64 authorization header

$username = $publishingProfile.publishData.publishProfile[0].userName
$password = $publishingProfile.publishData.publishProfile[0].userPWD
$base64AuthInfo = [Convert]::ToBase64String([Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetBytes(("{0}:{1}" -f $username,$password)))

$bodyToPOST = @{  
command = "md components"
                 dir = "D:\home\site"  
}  

# Splat all parameters together in $param

$param = @{  
            # command REST API url  
            Uri = "https://<appname>.scm.azurewebsites.net/api/command"  
            Headers = @{Authorization=("Basic {0}" -f $base64AuthInfo)}  
            UserAgent = "powershell/1.0"  
            Method = "POST"  
            Body = (ConvertTo-Json $bodyToPOST)  
            ContentType = "application/json"  
}  

# Invoke REST call

Invoke-RestMethod @param

上面的脚本将首先从应用程序的publishprofile中获取用户名和密码，这将在以后调用kuduapi时用作说明。api将运行您自己定义的命令来生成目录组件 "d:\home\site"
2.使用kudu api部署应用程序。
创建组件目录时，可以调用kuduapi将应用程序部署到组件目录。请参考下面的例子。

$param = @{  
            # zipdeploy api url  
            Uri = "https://<appname>.scm.azurewebsites.net/api/zip/site/components"  
            Headers = @{Authorization=("Basic {0}" -f $base64AuthInfo)}  
            UserAgent = "powershell/1.0"  
            Method = "PUT"  
            # Deployment Artifact Path  
            InFile = "$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)\<artifacts_alias>\drop\<artifacts_name>.zip"  
            ContentType = "multipart/form-data"  
}  

# Invoke REST call

Invoke-RestMethod @param

infile值应该指向由发布管道下载的工件文件的位置。通常位于 "$(System.DefaultWorkingDirectory)\<artifacts_alias>\drop\<artifacts_name>.zip" 有关kuduapi的更多信息，请参阅此博客。