我发现这个很简单：

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY) FROM (SELECT CITY FROM STATION ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) ASC, CITY ASC) 
WHERE ROWNUM=1;

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY) FROM (SELECT CITY FROM STATION ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC, CITY ASC) 
WHERE ROWNUM=1;

不管怎样，我得到了答案

SELECT CITY,LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION
WHERE LENGTH(CITY) IN (
  SELECT MAX(LENGTH(CITY))
  FROM STATION
  UNION
  SELECT MIN(LENGTH(CITY))
  FROM STATION
)
ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC,CITY ASC LIMIT 2;

尝试这些查询。
最长城市名称：

select CITY from STATION where char_length(CITY) = (select max(char_length(CITY)) from STATION)

最短城市名称：

select CITY from STATION where char_length(CITY) = (select min(char_length(CITY)) from STATION)

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY) FROM STATION ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY),CITY LIMIT 1;

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY) FROM STATION ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC, CITY LIMIT 1;

上面的代码应该很容易理解。第一个查询显示最短的城市名称及其长度。第二个输出最长。

我读了上面midhun manohar的评论：https://stackoverflow.com/a/50813334/11129060
我是个新手，所以这些对我来说更容易理解：

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION
WHERE LENGTH(CITY) IN (
    SELECT MAX(LENGTH(CITY))
    FROM STATION
)
ORDER BY CITY ASC LIMIT 1;

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION
WHERE LENGTH(CITY) IN (
   SELECT MIN(LENGTH(CITY))
   FROM STATION
)
ORDER BY CITY ASC LIMIT 1;

或者另一个职位似乎更容易：https://stackoverflow.com/a/41285068/11129060

select CITY,LENGTH(CITY) from STATION order by Length(CITY) asc, CITY limit 1; 
select CITY,LENGTH(CITY) from STATION order by Length(CITY) desc, CITY limit 1;

请查看以下查询：

SELECT top 2 CITY,LEN(CITY)
FROM STATION
WHERE LEN(CITY) IN (
  SELECT MAX(LEN(CITY))
  FROM STATION
  UNION
  SELECT MIN(LEN(CITY))
  FROM STATION
)
ORDER BY LEN(CITY) DESC,CITY ASC ;

可以使用并集运算符

(SELECT CITY, MAX(LENGTH(CITY)) FROM STATION)
UNION
(SELECT CITY, MIN(LENGTH(CITY)) FROM STATION)
ORDER BY CITY ASC LIMIT 1;

更多示例https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/union.html

更干净的方式：

SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY) FROM STATION ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) ASC, CITY ASC LIMIT 1;
SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY) FROM STATION ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC, CITY ASC LIMIT 1;

我知道你已经选择了你的答案，但这里有一个简短的答案，可能会有所帮助。这是使用microsoftmysql服务器，但也可以使用calllimit而不是top轻松地转换为任何其他类型。
最短长度

SELECT TOP 1 CITY, LEN(CITY)
FROM STATION 
ORDER BY LEN(CITY) ASC, CITY ASC;

最长长度

SELECT TOP 1 CITY, LEN(CITY)
FROM STATION 
ORDER BY LEN(CITY) DESC, CITY ASC;

我试过了，找到了mysql数据库查询的解决方案，

(SELECT CITY, LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION 
ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) ASC, CITY ASC LIMIT 1)
UNION
(SELECT  CITY, LENGTH(CITY)
FROM STATION 
ORDER BY LENGTH(CITY) DESC, CITY ASC LIMIT 1)

我认为用限制比用行号好。

我想你需要 union 如果我理解正确，使用子查询：

select s.*
from station s
where length(city) in (select max(length(city)) 
                       from station 
                       union 
                       select min(length(city)) 
                       from station)
order by length(city);