当我使用php时，只需在php脚本中编写以下行，就可以连接到本地主机上的phpmyadmin：

<?php

$dbServername = 'localhost';
$dbUsername = 'root';
$dbPassword = '';
$dbName = 'Work';

$conn = mysqli_connect($dbServername, $dbUsername, $dbPassword, $dbName);

?>

（此脚本的目录为 /Users/User/.bitnami/stackman/machines/xampp/volumes/root/htdocs/index.php )
在运行上述线路之前，我首先激活了 XAMPP 我已经启用了端口 localhost:8080 . phpMyAdmin 位于 http://localhost:8080/phpmyadmin/ . 这与数据库的连接非常好。
现在，我下载了python PyMySQL 为了完成同样的简单任务，我写了以下几行字：

import pymysql

conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', password='', db='Work')

（此脚本的目录为 /Users/User/PycharmProjects/First/Main.py )
但是，当我尝试运行这个（在我第一次激活 XAMPP 我已经启用了端口 localhost:8080 )我得到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/User/Library/Python/3.6/lib/python/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 920, in connect
  **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/socket.py", line 724, in create_connection
    raise err
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/socket.py", line 713, in create_connection
    sock.connect(sa)
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 61] Connection refused

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/User/PycharmProjects/GCP-OCR/Main.py", line 14, in <module>
    conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', password='', db='Work')
  File "/Users/User/Library/Python/3.6/lib/python/site-packages/pymysql/__init__.py", line 90, in Connect
    return Connection(*args,**kwargs)
  File "/Users/User/Library/Python/3.6/lib/python/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 699, in __init__
    self.connect()
  File "/Users/User/Library/Python/3.6/lib/python/site-packages/pymysql/connections.py", line 967, in connect
    raise exc
pymysql.err.OperationalError: (2003, "Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' ([Errno 61] Connection refused)")

如何修复此错误并最终将python脚本连接到mysql数据库？
另外，请记住，即使我替换 localhost 与 127.0.0.1 我得到了完全相同的错误。而且，如果我替换 localhost 与 localhost:3306 那我也是个错误( socket.gaierror: [Errno 8] nodename nor servname provided, or not known ).