考虑mysql-是的，可能。必须将第一个查询用作第二个查询中的子查询。查询结构如下-

SELECT *,
(SELECT ID FROM TABLE_1 WHERE ....) AS [From Other Query] -- In the selection part 
FROM TABLE_2
WHERE TABLE_2.ID = (SELECT ID FROM TABLE_1 WHERE ....) -- In Where condition

对于上述两种情况，您必须确保子查询返回一个值，该值与您提到的11类似。
试试这个-

SELECT sourceaddress,
destinationaddress,
destinationport,
[name],
COUNT(*) as [count]  
FROM fullandfinal 
WHERE 
eventtime LIKE
(
    SELECT ho FROM 
    (
        SELECT sourceaddress,
        COUNT(sourceaddress) AS src,
        HOUR(eventtime) AS ho 
        FROM DEFAULT.fullandfinal 
        WHERE sourceaddress='0.0.0.0' 
        AND  eventtime BETWEEN '2019-05-11 00:00:00' AND '2019-05-11 19:59:59'  
        GROUP BY sourceaddress,
        HOUR(eventtime) 
        ORDER BY sourceaddress,ho
    ) t
    WHERE src=28350
) + '%' 
AND sourceaddress='0.0.0.0'  
GROUP BY sourceaddress,destinationaddress,destinationport,name 
ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC 
limit 5;