演示

Hive

create table mytable (i int) partitioned by (dt date)
;

alter table mytable add
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-11')
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-12')
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-13')
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-14')
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-15')
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-16')
    partition (dt=date '2017-06-17')
;

show partitions mytable
;

+---------------+
|   partition   |
+---------------+
| dt=2017-06-11 |
| dt=2017-06-12 |
| dt=2017-06-13 |
| dt=2017-06-14 |
| dt=2017-06-15 |
| dt=2017-06-16 |
| dt=2017-06-17 |
+---------------+

猛击

hive --hivevar dt="$(date +'%Y-%m-%d')" -e 'alter table mytable drop partition (dt < date "${hivevar:dt}")'

...
Dropped the partition dt=2017-06-11
Dropped the partition dt=2017-06-12
Dropped the partition dt=2017-06-13
OK
Time taken: 1.621 seconds
...
bash-4.1$

Hive

show partitions mytable
;

+---------------+
|   partition   |
+---------------+
| dt=2017-06-14 |
| dt=2017-06-15 |
| dt=2017-06-16 |
| dt=2017-06-17 |
+---------------+