我已经设置了一个ldap自定义身份验证提供程序，类似于这里的示例-https://www.baeldung.com/spring-security-authentication-provider
有一个登录控制器来处理登录错误并检查用户是否在已批准的列表中。控制器调用自定义身份验证提供程序 authenticationManager.authenticate() 方法。
当提供了错误的凭据时，将调用自定义身份验证提供程序两次。抛出两个异常。
第一个例外：

31-12-2020 15:42:55.577 [http-nio-9090-exec-6] ERROR c.c.t.a.CustomAuthenticationProvider.hasAccess - test is not authenticated
javax.naming.AuthenticationException: [LDAP: error code 49 - 80090308: LdapErr: DSID-0C09044E, comment: AcceptSecurityContext error, data 52e, v2580 ]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.mapErrorCode(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.processReturnCode(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.processReturnCode(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.connect(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.ensureOpen(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.ensureOpen(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtx.reconnect(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext.reconnect(Unknown Source) ~[na:1.8.0_261]
        at com.tools.auth.CustomAuthenticationProvider.hasAccess(CustomAuthenticationProvider.java:65) [classes!/:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT]
        at com.tools.auth.CustomAuthenticationProvider.authenticate(CustomAuthenticationProvider.java:32) [classes!/:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT]
        at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:174) [spring-security-core-5.0.3.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.3.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:199) [spring-security-core-5.0.3.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.3.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter$AuthenticationManagerDelegator.authenticate(WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter.java:502) [spring-security-config-5.0.3.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.3.RELEASE]
        at com.tools.web.JwtAuthenticationRestController.authenticate(JwtAuthenticationRestController.java:70) [classes!/:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT]

第二个例外：

c.c.t.a.CustomAuthenticationProvider.authenticate - User does not have access
31-12-2020 15:42:55.613 [http-nio-9090-exec-6] ERROR c.c.t.w.JwtAuthenticationRestController.authenticate - Exception logging in user
org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderNotFoundException: No AuthenticationProvider found for org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
        at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:227) ~[spring-security-core-5.0.3.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.3.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter$AuthenticationManagerDelegator.authenticate(WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter.java:502) ~[spring-security-config-5.0.3.RELEASE.jar!/:5.0.3.RELEASE]
        at com.tools.web.JwtAuthenticationRestController.authenticate(JwtAuthenticationRestController.java:70) [classes!/:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT]

这是自定义提供程序：

public class CustomAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {

    @Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
            throws AuthenticationException {
        String name = authentication.getName();
        String password = authentication.getCredentials().toString();

        if (hasAccess(name, password)) {
            Authentication auth = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(name,
                    password);
            return auth;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
        return true;
    }

    public boolean hasAccess(final String username, final String password) {
    //LDAP access happens here
    }
}

这是控制器：

public class JwtAuthenticationRestController {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @CrossOrigin
    @RequestMapping(value = "/authenticate", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ResponseEntity<?> createAuthenticationToken(@RequestBody JwtTokenRequest authenticationRequest)
            throws AuthenticationException {
        authenticate(authenticationRequest.getUsername(), authenticationRequest.getPassword());
         //generate token
        return ResponseEntity.ok(new JwtTokenResponse(token));
    }

    @ExceptionHandler({AuthenticationException.class})
    public ResponseEntity<String> handleAuthenticationException(AuthenticationException e) {
    //handle exception. set custom response.
    }

    private void authenticate(String username, String password) {   
        try {
            // Check against the approved user list
            //Authenticate the user - Exception thrown here
            authenticationManager.authenticate(new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password));
        }catch (Exception e) {
            throw new AuthenticationException("APPLICATION_ERROR", e);
        }
    }
}

此处更新的是web安全配置：

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class JWTWebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private JwtUnAuthorizedResponseAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtUnAuthorizedResponseAuthenticationEntryPoint;

    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenAuthorizationOncePerRequestFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.authenticationProvider(new CustomAuthenticationProvider());
    }   

    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
        httpSecurity
            .csrf().disable()
            .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(jwtUnAuthorizedResponseAuthenticationEntryPoint).and()
            .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and()
            .authorizeRequests()
            .anyRequest().authenticated();

        httpSecurity
                .addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);

        httpSecurity
            .headers()
            .frameOptions().sameOrigin()  
            .cacheControl(); 
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity webSecurity)  {
        webSecurity
            .ignoring()
            .antMatchers(
                HttpMethod.POST,
                "/authenticate" //authentication path
            )
            .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS, "/**")
            .and()
            .ignoring()
            .antMatchers(
                HttpMethod.GET,
                        "\"login" //Ignore security for Login page.
                )
            .and()
            .ignoring()
            .antMatchers("/h2-console/**/**");    
    }

只有在由于密码无效而导致身份验证失败时，才会发生这种情况。我已检查自定义提供程序是否抛出 javax.naming.AuthenticationException 对于invalis凭据返回null。
为什么spring会为失败的身份验证抛出这个异常？解决方法是将控制器中的异常作为登录失败进行处理，但仍然可以理解为什么会发生这种情况。