我正在用java在控制台上制作一个基本的用户身份验证系统。用户输入用户名和密码，我用sha-512将加密密码存储在一个文件中。然后我提示用户“登录”，我需要验证他们这次输入的密码是他们“注册”时输入的密码。问题出现在验证部分。当我存储密码时，我会将盐和它一起存储在文件中。但因为盐是 byte[] 数组，它显示相同的 [B@232204a1 当我将它转换为字符串并存储在文件中时。
通过这个答案，我将salt字节数组值存储在一个字符串中，方法是将它们串联在一起，这样它就可以是一个连续的值，并且在验证期间更容易读取。
在验证部分，我正确地读取了存储的盐，但是当我使用 .getBytes() 然后使用上面链接中的相同代码，它输出的值与我存储的值不同。因此，当我用它来计算散列密码时，它显然给出了错误的答案。

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class authenticationSystem {
     private byte[] salt;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
    {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        byte[] salt = getSalt();

        System.out.println("Enter 1 for Sign up and 2 for log in and -1 to exit");
        int option = Integer.parseInt(sc.nextLine());

        switch(option) {
            case 1:
                System.out.println("Enter Username: ");
                String username = sc.nextLine();

                System.out.println("Enter Password: ");
                String passwordToHash = sc.nextLine();

                boolean signupResult = signUp(username, passwordToHash, salt);

                if(signupResult == false) {
                    System.exit(0);
                }

                else {
                    System.out.println("SignUp Successful");
                    break;
                }
            case 2:

                System.out.println("Enter Username: ");
                username = sc.nextLine();

                System.out.println("Enter Password: ");
                passwordToHash = sc.nextLine();

                boolean loginResult = logIn(username, passwordToHash);

                if(loginResult == false) {
                    System.out.println("Authentication Failed!");
                    break;
                }

                else {
                    System.out.println("Authentication Successful!");
                    break;
                }

        }
}

   private static boolean logIn(String username, String password) {

       String absolutePath = "C:\\Users\\asadn\\eclipse-workspace\\output.txt";

       File file = new File(absolutePath);

       try(BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(absolutePath))) {  
        String currentLine = null;
        int count=1;
           while((currentLine = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
               if(currentLine.equals(username)) {

                   currentLine = bufferedReader.readLine(); //get to line with salt
                   System.out.println(currentLine);
                   byte[] salt = currentLine.getBytes();
                   System.out.println(salt);

                   for(int i = 0; i<salt.length; i++) {
                        System.out.print(salt[i] & 0x00FF);
                        System.out.print("");
                    }
                   System.out.println("");
                   currentLine = bufferedReader.readLine(); //get to line with hashedPassword

                   String passwordToMatch = currentLine; //store in a string variable for comparison

                   System.out.println(passwordToMatch);

                   String passwordRetrieved = get_SHA_512_SecurePassword(password, salt);
                   System.out.println(passwordRetrieved);
                   if(passwordToMatch.equals(passwordRetrieved)){
                       return true;
                   }
               }
           }

       } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
           // exception handling
       } catch (IOException e) {
           // exception handling
       }
       return false;
   } 

    private static boolean signUp(String username, String hashedPassword, byte[] salt) {

        String absolutePath = "C:\\Users\\asadn\\eclipse-workspace\\output.txt";

        File file = new File(absolutePath);

        String saltInStringFormat = "";

        for(int i = 0; i<salt.length; i++) {
            saltInStringFormat+=Integer.toString(salt[i] & 0x00FF);
        }
     // write the content in file 
        try(BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file, true))) {  
            String securePassword = get_SHA_512_SecurePassword(hashedPassword, salt);
            bufferedWriter.write(username);
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            bufferedWriter.write(saltInStringFormat);
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            bufferedWriter.write(securePassword);
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
            bufferedWriter.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // exception handling
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    private static String get_SHA_512_SecurePassword(String passwordToHash, byte[] salt)
    {
        //Use MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-512");
        String generatedPassword = null;
        try {
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-512");
            md.update(salt);
            byte[] bytes = md.digest(passwordToHash.getBytes());
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for(int i=0; i< bytes.length ;i++)
            {
                sb.append(Integer.toString((bytes[i] & 0xff + 0x100), 16).substring(1));
            }
            generatedPassword = sb.toString();
        }
        catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return generatedPassword;
    }

    //Add salt
    private static byte[] getSalt() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
    {
        SecureRandom sr = SecureRandom.getInstance("SHA1PRNG");
        byte[] salt = new byte[16];
        sr.nextBytes(salt);
        return salt;
    }
}

现在我知道我在字节到字符串的转换和反转换中出错了，但是我不知道如何在文件中实现这一点。如果有人能帮我，我会非常感激的。