据我所知，你需要这样的东西

static List<String> getDates(String str){
      String[] arr = str.split("}");
      ArrayList<String> out = new ArrayList<>();
      for (int i = 0;i < arr.length;i++){
            arr[i] = arr[i].trim(); //remove any spaces
            if (arr[i].length() == 0) continue;
            out.add(arr[i].subString(0 , Math.min(arr[i].length() , 6)); //to prevent any OutOfBounds Errors

      }
      return out;
}

我们可以在这里尝试使用正则表达式字符串拆分：

String input = "}1311202013112020607169018}1611202016112020}1411202014112020626948615}1511202015112020}1811202018112020";
String[] parts = input.split("(?<=\\}\\d{8})|(?=\\})");
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(parts));

这张照片：

[}13112020, 13112020607169018, }16112020, 16112020, }14112020, 14112020626948615,
 }15112020, 15112020, }18112020, 18112020]

正则表达式表示在字符串中的任意点拆分，其中：

(?<=\\}\\d{8})   what precedes is } followed by 8 digits
|                OR
(?=\\})          what follows is }

编辑：
如果您接受了答案，那么您似乎真的需要以下输出：

}13112020}16112020}14112020}15112020}18112020

为此，我建议使用一个简单的regex替换：

String input = "}1311202013112020607169018}1611202016112020}1411202014112020626948615}1511202015112020}1811202018112020";
String output = input.replaceAll("(\\}\\d{8})\\d*", "$1");
System.out.println(output);

这张照片：

}13112020}16112020}14112020}15112020}18112020

您可以利用regex查找与您的模式匹配的所有子字符串。这个例子中的正则表达式是 "\}[0-9]{8}" （您在右大括号后面说6个字符，但您的示例显示了8个字符）。
在java中，您可以使用 Pattern 以及 Matcher 要编译此正则表达式并查找所有匹配的子字符串：

import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;

String str = "}1311202013112020607169018}1611202016112020}1411202014112020626948615}1511202015112020}1811202018112020";

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\}[0-9]{8}");  // have to double-escape brace
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(str);

// we use StringBuilder to concatenate the results
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
while(matcher.find()) {
  result.append(matcher.group());
}

System.out.println(result.toString());

一个简单的方法：

String text = new String(Char);
List<String> lists = new ArrayList<String>();
String[] split = text.split("}");

for(String first: split) {
    lists.add(first.substring(0,5));
}