可能最简单的方法是在业务逻辑级别实现它。spring提供了一种运行周期性任务的方法，这是真的，但是如果满足了业务案例（找到了文件），它就不能在一段时间内停止作业。
话虽如此，您可以按如下方式实施计划作业：

@Component
public class MyScheduledJob {
   private LocalDateTime runNextTime = null;
   private boolean isFileFound = false;

   @Scheduled(/**here comes your original cron expression: 7 am to 9 pm with an interval of 15 minutes as you say**/)
   public void runMe() {
     if(isFileFound && LocalDateTime.now().isBefore(runNextTime)) {
       // do not run a real job processing
       return;
     }

     isFileFound = checkWhetherFileExists();
     if(isFileFound) {
       runNextTime = calculateWhenDoYouWantToStartRunningTheActualJobProcessingNextTime();
     }

     ... do actual job processing... Its not clear from the question whether it should do something if the file is not found as well, but I'm sure you've got the point ...

   }
}

因为bean是一个单例，所以您可以安全地为它创建一个状态，没有人会改变这个状态。

你可以这样做。您可以编写逻辑来检查此方法中的文件。

@Scheduled(fixedDelay = 1000, initialDelay = 1000)
    public void scheduleFixedRateWithInitialDelayTask() {

        long now = System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000;
        System.out.println(
          "Fixed-rate task with one-second initial delay - " + now);
    }

请参阅此以了解更多详细信息。