如果你需要MySQL8.0的特性，你真的应该升级到MySQL8.0。它们一定会更容易、更优化。
我找到了一种方法来模拟文档中显示的ntile查询：

SELECT
 val,
 ROW_NUMBER() OVER w AS 'row_number',
 NTILE(2)     OVER w AS 'ntile2',
 NTILE(4)     OVER w AS 'ntile4'
FROM numbers
WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY val);

这里有一个解决方案：

SELECT val, @r:=@r+1 AS rownum, 
 FLOOR((@r-1)*2/9)+1 AS ntile2, 
 FLOOR((@r-1)*4/9)+1 AS ntile4 
FROM (SELECT @r:=0,@n:=0) AS _init, numbers

2和4因子分别用于第（2）个和第（4）个变量。9的值是因为这个示例表中有9行。在运行此查询之前，必须知道表的计数。这个解决方案还需要用户定义的变量，这总是有点棘手。
结果：

+------+--------+--------+--------+
| val  | rownum | ntile2 | ntile4 |
+------+--------+--------+--------+
|    1 |      1 |      1 |      1 |
|    1 |      2 |      1 |      1 |
|    2 |      3 |      1 |      1 |
|    3 |      4 |      1 |      2 |
|    3 |      5 |      1 |      2 |
|    3 |      6 |      2 |      3 |
|    4 |      7 |      2 |      3 |
|    4 |      8 |      2 |      4 |
|    5 |      9 |      2 |      4 |
+------+--------+--------+--------+

我将把它作为一个练习留给您，让您根据查询和表调整此技术，或者决定是时候升级到mysql 8.0了。

您可以枚举行并使用算术。不幸的是，您需要这样做三次：

select floor(seqnum * 4 / @rn) as ntile_recency, t.*
from (select (@rn := @rn + 1) as seqnum, t.*
      from (select customer_id, max(local_date) as last_order_date, count(*) as count_order,
                   sum(amount) as sum_amount
            from transaction
            group by customer_id
            order by last_order_date
           ) t cross join
           (select @rn := 0) params
     ) t;