更新：要获取最大id的整行：

SELECT *
FROM loan
INNER JOIN
  (SELECT max(id) max_id
   FROM loan
   GROUP BY employee_id) x ON x.max_id = loan.id
group by employee_id;

我不得不提到，没有主键的db表设计不是很好：https://i.stack.imgur.com/dtyo8.png

如果只需要包含最后一个贷款id的行，则需要关联的子查询

SELECT *
FROM single_roww1 SR
WHERE LOAN_ID = (SELECT MAX(LOAN_ID) FROM single_roww1 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = SR.EMPLOYEE_ID);

在 WHERE 条款：

SELECT s.employee_id, s.employee_name, s.department_name, 
       s.designation_name, s.PF_type, s.PF_number, s.Opening_balance,
       s.Loan_id, s.loan_date, s.loan_amount  
FROM single_roww1 s
WHERE s.Loan_id = (SELECT MAX(Loan_id) FROM single_roww1 WHERE employee_id = s.employee_id)

上次贷款价值和日期
你似乎想要：

SELECT sr.*
FROM single_roww1 sr
WHERE sr.loan_date = (SELECT MAX(sr2.load_date)
                      FROM single_roww1 sr2
                      WHERE sr2.employee_id = sr.employee_id
                     );

这假设 loan_date 在数据库中具有正确的日期/时间类型（不管图像中的数据看起来如何）。
为了提高性能，您需要一个索引 (employee_id, load_date) .
请注意，如果一个员工在同一天有多笔贷款，这将检索最后一笔贷款。