尝试使用WMI Win32_BaseBoard Class。
请参阅以下示例：

**选项1)**执行前需要从Component->Import Component导入Microsoft WMIScripting Library，然后选择Import type library

program GetWMI_MotherBoardInfo;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  ActiveX,
  Variants,
  SysUtils,
  WbemScripting_TLB in '..\..\..\Documents\RAD Studio\5.0\Imports\WbemScripting_TLB.pas';//

Function  GetMotherBoardSerial:string;
var
  WMIServices : ISWbemServices;
  Root        : ISWbemObjectSet;
  Item        : Variant;
begin
  WMIServices := CoSWbemLocator.Create.ConnectServer('.', 'root\cimv2','', '', '', '', 0, nil);
  Root  := WMIServices.ExecQuery('Select SerialNumber From Win32_BaseBoard','WQL', 0, nil);
  Item := Root.ItemIndex(0);
  Result:=VarToStr(Item.SerialNumber);
end;

begin
  try
    CoInitialize(nil);
    Writeln('Serial MotherBoard '+GetMotherBoardSerial);
    Readln;
    CoUninitialize;
  except
    on E:Exception do
    Begin
        CoUninitialize;
        Writeln(E.Classname, ': ', E.Message);
        Readln;
    End;
  end;
end.

**选项2)**使用OLEVariant、IBindCtx Interface和IMoniker Interface

program GetWMI_MotherBoardSerial;

{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}

uses
  SysUtils
  ,ActiveX
  ,ComObj
  ,Variants;

function GetMotherBoardSerial:String;
var
  objWMIService : OLEVariant;
  colItems      : OLEVariant;
  colItem       : OLEVariant;
  oEnum         : IEnumvariant;
  iValue        : LongWord;

  function GetWMIObject(const objectName: String): IDispatch;
  var
    chEaten: Integer;
    BindCtx: IBindCtx;
    Moniker: IMoniker;
  begin
    OleCheck(CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx));
    OleCheck(MkParseDisplayName(BindCtx, StringToOleStr(objectName), chEaten, Moniker));
    OleCheck(Moniker.BindToObject(BindCtx, nil, IDispatch, Result));
  end;

begin
  Result:='';
  objWMIService := GetWMIObject('winmgmts:\\localhost\root\cimv2');
  colItems      := objWMIService.ExecQuery('SELECT SerialNumber FROM Win32_BaseBoard','WQL',0);
  oEnum         := IUnknown(colItems._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  if oEnum.Next(1, colItem, iValue) = 0 then
  Result:=VarToStr(colItem.SerialNumber);
end;

begin
 try
    CoInitialize(nil);
    try
      Writeln('Serial MotherBoard '+GetMotherBoardSerial);
      Readln;
    finally
    CoUninitialize;
    end;
 except
    on E:Exception do
    Begin
        Writeln(E.Classname, ': ', E.Message);
        Readln;
    End;
  end;
end.

如果你想展示主板系列，使用这个东西。要在Windows 10中显示主板编号，请在WMI服务中查询以下内容：

wmic baseboard get product,Manufacturer,version,serialnumber

//USES: Winapi.ActiveX, System.Win.ComObj
function TForm2.GetMotherBoardSerial: string;
var
  objWMIService: OLEVariant;
  colItems: OLEVariant;
  colItem: OLEVariant;
  oEnum: IEnumvariant;
  iValue: Longword;
  function GetWMIObject(const objectName: string): IDispatch;
  var
    chEaten: Integer;
    BindCtx: IBindCtx;
    Moniker: IMoniker;
  begin
    OleCheck(CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx));
    OleCheck(MkParseDisplayName(BindCtx, StringToOleStr(objectName),
      chEaten, Moniker));
    OleCheck(Moniker.BindToObject(BindCtx, nil, IDispatch, Result));
  end;
begin
  Result := '';
  objWMIService := GetWMIObject('winmgmts:\\localhost\root\cimv2');
  colItems :=
    objWMIService.ExecQuery('SELECT SerialNumber FROM Win32_BaseBoard', 'WQL', 0);
  oEnum := IUnknown(colItems._NewEnum) as IEnumVariant;
  if oEnum.Next(1, colItem,
    iValue) = 0 then
    Result := VarToStr(colItem.SerialNumber);
end;

我有另一个解决方案：

function TForm1.GetSerialMotherBoard: String;
var
  a, b, c, d: LongWord;
begin
  asm
    push EAX
    push EBX
    push ECX
    push EDX

    mov eax, 1
    db $0F, $A2
    mov a, EAX
    mov b, EBX
    mov c, ECX
    mov d, EDX

    pop EDX
    pop ECX
    pop EBX
    pop EAX

  end;
  result := inttohex(a, 8) + '-' +
            inttohex(b, 8) + '-' +
            inttohex(c, 8) + '-' +
            inttohex(d, 8);
end;