SWIFT组合:在可观察对象中使用计时器发布程序

dzhpxtsq  于 2022-10-23  发布在  Swift
关注(0)|答案(3)|浏览(209)

在这个问题被标记为this other question的重复之前,我试图了解出版商是如何工作的,因为它的行为方式是我意想不到的。
使用与前面问题的答案相同的例子:

// Let's define the view model with my view...
import Combine
import SwiftUI

class TimerViewModel: ObservableObject {
  private let cancellable: AnyCancellable?

  let intervalPublisher = Timer.TimerPublisher(
                            interval: 1.0, 
                            runLoop: .main, 
                            mode: .default)

  init() {
    self.cancellable = timerPublisher.connect() as? AnyCancellable
  }

  deinit {
    self.cancellable?.cancel()
  }
}

struct Clock : View {
  @EnvironmentObject var viewModel: TimerViewModel
  @State private var currentTime: String = "Initial"

  var body: some View {
    VStack {
      Text(currentTime)
    }
    .onReceive(timer.intervalPublisher) { newTime in
      self.currentTime = String(describing: newTime)
    }
  }
}

在这个阶段,我想要做的就是我的视图模型直接发布值。我不想宣布观点将接受这些类型的价值观。
理想情况下,我想把我的出版商变成一个真正的出版商。我认为下面的代码会起作用:

// Let's define the view model with my view...
import Combine
import SwiftUI

class TimerViewModel: ObservableObject {
  private let cancellable: AnyCancellable?
  private let assignCancellable: AnyCancellable?

  let intervalPublisher = Timer.TimerPublisher(
                            interval: 1.0, 
                            runLoop: .main, 
                            mode: .default)
 @Published var tick: String = "0:0:0"

  init() {
    cancellable = intervalPublisher.connect() as? AnyCancellable

    assignCancellable = intervalPublisher
                              .map { new in String(describing: new) }
                              .assign(to: \TimerViewModel.tick, on: self)
  }

  deinit {
    cancellable?.cancel()
    assignCancellable?.cancel()
  }
}

struct Clock : View {
  @EnvironmentObject var viewModel: TimerViewModel
  @State private var currentTime: String = "Initial"

  var body: some View {
    VStack {
      Text(currentTime)
      Text(viewModel.tick) // why doesn't this work?
    }
    .onReceive(timer.intervalPublisher) { newTime in
      self.currentTime = String(describing: newTime)
    }
  }
}

我到底做错了什么?
为什么没有触发?

  • 编辑:创建时钟视图后,在SceneDelegate上设置环境对象。排除的代码附在下面:*
func scene(_ scene: UIScene, willConnectTo session: UISceneSession, options connectionOptions: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) {
        // Use this method to optionally configure and attach the UIWindow `window` to the provided UIWindowScene `scene`.
        // If using a storyboard, the `window` property will automatically be initialized and attached to the scene.
        // This delegate does not imply the connecting scene or session are new (see `application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession` instead).

        // Create the SwiftUI view that provides the window contents.
        let view = Clock().environmentObject(TimerViewModel())

        // Use a UIHostingController as window root view controller.
        if let windowScene = scene as? UIWindowScene {
            let window = UIWindow(windowScene: windowScene)
            window.rootViewController = UIHostingController(rootView: view)
            self.window = window
            window.makeKeyAndVisible()
        }
    }
5f0d552i

5f0d552i1#

这和你原来的有点不同,但我希望没有什么重要的变化。

import Combine
import SwiftUI

class TimerViewModel: ObservableObject {
    private var assignCancellable: AnyCancellable? = nil

    @Published var tick: String = "0:0:0"

    init() {
        assignCancellable = Timer.publish(every: 1.0, on: .main, in: .default)
            .autoconnect()
            .map { String(describing: $0) }
            .assign(to: \TimerViewModel.tick, on: self)
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    @State private var currentTime: String = "Initial"
    @ObservedObject var viewModel = TimerViewModel()

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text(currentTime)
            Text(viewModel.tick) // why doesn't this work?
        }
        .onReceive(Timer.publish(every: 0.9, on: .main, in: .default).autoconnect(),
                perform: {
                    self.currentTime = String(describing: $0)
                }
        )
    }
}

我将viewModel设置为ObservedObject只是为了简化代码。
Timer.Publish方法与AutoConnect一起使计时器更易于使用。我发现,将同一发布服务器与多个订阅服务器一起使用会导致问题,因为第一次取消会杀死发布服务器。
我删除了deinit(),因为取消似乎对订阅者是隐式的。
OnReceive和viewModel的更新之间存在冲突,但将onReceive更改为0.9修复了这一问题。
最后,我发现Combine中的print()方法对于监视管道非常有用。

pexxcrt2

pexxcrt22#

首先试试Text("Timer: \(date, style:.timer)"),它会自动给你一个计数计时器。另外,考虑Timer.publisher的优点,它是一个可以存储在@State中的结构,因此您甚至不需要ObservableObject

import Combine
import SwiftUI

struct Clock : View {
  @State private var timer = Timer.publish(every: 1, on: .main, in:.common).autoconnect()
  @State private var currentTime: String = "Initial"

  var body: some View {
    VStack {
      Text(currentTime)
    }
    .onReceive(timer) { newTime in
      self.currentTime = String(describing: newTime)
    }
  }
}

将M1N4O1P作为M1N5O1P的优点在于,如果由于某种原因时钟不再显示,则计时器停止并且也被丢弃。
但是,如果您确实决定使用ObservableObject,那么您可以简单地执行以下操作:

class MyTimer : ObservableObject {
    var objectWillChange = Timer.publish(every: 1, on: .main, in:.common).autoconnect()
}

struct Clock2: View {
    @StateObject var timer = MyTimer() // causes body to run every second
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text("Hello, World! \(Date())")
        }
    }
}

下面是对日期字符串进行更准确更改的另一种方法:

class MyTimer : ObservableObject {
    var timer : Timer? = nil
    @Published var timeString = ""

    init() {
        timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 1, repeats: true) { timer in
            self.timeString = timer.fireDate.description
        }
    }
}

struct ContentView: View {
    @StateObject var timer = MyTimer()

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text("Hello, World! \(timer.timeString)")
        }
    }
}
ivqmmu1c

ivqmmu1c3#

“@Environment Object”必须在祖先视图上设置模型对象。
我没看到这个。
所以,我确实重写了你的代码。

import SwiftUI
import Combine

struct ContentView: View {
    let timer = TimerViewModel()
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            Text("Hello World")
            TimerView().environmentObject(timer)
        }
    }
}

struct TimerView: View {
    @EnvironmentObject var timer: TimerViewModel

    var body: some View {
        Text(timer.time)
    }
}

class TimerViewModel: ObservableObject {
    @Published var time = "init"

    private let innerTimer = Timer.TimerPublisher(interval: 1.0, runLoop: .main, mode: .default)
    private let cancellable: Cancellable
    private var anyCancellable: AnyCancellable?

    init() {
        cancellable = innerTimer.connect()
        anyCancellable = innerTimer
            .map({ $0.description })
            .assign(to: \TimerViewModel.time, on: self)
    }

    deinit {
        cancellable.cancel()
        anyCancellable?.cancel()
    }
}

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