使用带有apply和lambda函数：

import pandas as pd

def my_func(row):
    if row.bname == "textbook":
        return "something"
    if row.bname == "b":
        return "something_else"

    return "not_found"

books = [{"bname": "textbook", "weight": 500, "price": 800},
   {"bname": "notebook", "weight": 100, "price": 200},
   {"bname": "storybook", "weight": 700, "price": 1000},
   {"bname": "whatever", "weight": 500, "price": 1200}]

df = pd.DataFrame(books)

df["new_colums"] = df.apply(lambda x: my_func(x),axis=1)
print(df)

返回

bname  weight  price new_colums
0   textbook     500    800  something
1   notebook     100    200  not_found
2  storybook     700   1000  not_found
3   whatever     500   1200  not_found