就我所知，ref值似乎期望一个可以找到架构的url？我看到有人建议创建一个端点来返回示例？这对我来说似乎有点过分...
我决定最简单的方法就是添加一些东西，从文件中提取示例并将它们插入OpenApi对象。
我在我的spring配置中实现了一个OpenApiCustomiser，这允许我指向apps resources文件夹中的文件以获取响应示例。
我对Controller方法进行了如下注解：

@ApiResponses(value = {
    @ApiResponse(responseCode = "200",
        content = { @Content(mediaType = "application/json", 
        schema = @Schema(implementation = SomeResponse.class, 
                  name = "YourResponse"),  
                  examples = {@ExampleObject(value = "@your_data_200_response.json")}) }) 
    })

要使上述内容正常工作，请添加以下OpenApiCustomiser配置bean：

@Bean
public OpenApiCustomiser applyStandardOpenAPIModifications() {
    return openApi -> {
        Paths paths = new Paths();
        openApi.getPaths().entrySet().stream()
                .sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey())
                .forEach(stringPathItemEntry -> {
                    paths.addPathItem(stringPathItemEntry.getKey(), addExamples(stringPathItemEntry.getValue()));
                });
        openApi.setPaths(paths);
    };
}

private PathItem addExamples(PathItem pathItem) {
    if(pathItem.getPost() !=null)  {
        //Note you can also Do this to APIResponses to insert info from a file into examples in say, a 200 response.
            pathItem.getPost().getRequestBody().getContent().values().stream()
                    .forEach(c ->{
                        String fileName = c.getExample().toString().replaceFirst("@","");
                        ObjectNode node = null;
                        try {
                            //load file from where you want. also don't insert is as a string, it wont format properly
                            node = (ObjectNode) new ObjectMapper().readTree(methodToReadInFileToString(fileName)); 
                        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
                            throw new RuntimeException(e);
                        }
                        c.setExample(node);
                    }
            );
    }
    return pathItem;
}

我只是从包含.json文件的/resources文件夹中加载文件。