每当我试图运行Java项目时，我收到一个未找到文件的异常，指出无法找到beans.xml。我正在使用NetBeans，并且了解到我可能需要将类路径设置为正确的目录，否则项目将无法正确运行（Eclipse会自动执行此操作（？））。运行具有相同库的相同程序可以与Eclipse一起工作。我不知道我的问题是与Spring相关还是与类路径相关（但我认为这是一个类路径问题）。
MainApp.java

package hello;

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AbstractApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

        HelloWorld hello = (HelloWorld) context.getBean("helloWorld");
                hello.getMessage();
    }
}

HelloWorld.java

package hello;

public class HelloWorld {
        private String message;

        public void setMessage(String message) {
                this.message = message;
        }

        public void getMessage() {
                System.out.println("Message: " + message);
        }
}

beans.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">

   <bean id = "helloWorld" class = "hello.HelloWorld">
      <property name = "message" value = "Hello World!"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

标准时间

run:
    Mar 20, 2017 11:05:04 PM     org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
    INFO: Refreshing     org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@4ee285c    6: startup date [Mon Mar 20 23:05:04 EDT 2017]; root of context hierarchy
    Mar 20, 2017 11:05:04 PM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
    INFO: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans.xml]
    Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [beans.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [beans.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:344)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:304)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:181)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:217)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:252)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:613)
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:514)
        at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
        at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
        at hello.MainApp.main(MainApp.java:8)
    Caused by: java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [beans.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
        at org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource.getInputStream(ClassPathResource.java:172)
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:330)
        ... 13 more
    /home/john/.cache/netbeans/8.1/executor-snippets/run.xml:53: Java returned: 1
    BUILD FAILED (total time: 0 seconds)

File and Project structures
谢谢你的帮助。

**解决方案：**在NetBeans中，用于示例化bean的beans.xml类型文件必须包含其路径。在我的例子中，我必须键入：

AbstractApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/hello/beans.xml");

而不仅仅是：

AbstractApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");