我尝试编译并运行www.example.com中的示例https://docs.python.org/3/extending/embedding.html#very-high-level-embedding，但失败了。
我的环境是Ubuntu 20.04.2 LTS，系统附带了python3.8（静态构建），安装了libpython3-dev和libpython3.8-dev包。
我尝试过的方法：
主. c：

#define PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN
#include <Python.h>

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    wchar_t *program = Py_DecodeLocale(argv[0], NULL);
    if (program == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Fatal error: cannot decode argv[0]\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    Py_SetProgramName(program);  /* optional but recommended */
    Py_Initialize();
    PyRun_SimpleString("from time import time,ctime\n"
                       "print('Today is', ctime(time()))\n");
    if (Py_FinalizeEx() < 0) {
        exit(120);
    }
    PyMem_RawFree(program);
    return 0;
}

从类似Unix系统下的编译与链接，取得gcc旗标。

tian@tian-B250M-Wind:~$ python3-config --cflags
-I/usr/include/python3.8 -I/usr/include/python3.8  -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.8-4wuY7n/python3.8-3.8.10=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector -Wformat -Werror=format-security  -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall
tian@tian-B250M-Wind:~$ python3-config --ldflags
-L/usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib  -lcrypt -lpthread -ldl  -lutil -lm -lm

（我不知道为什么python3-config输出有一些重复的值，这不是键入错误）
gcc {copy cflags output} -o main main.c /path_to_libpython/libpython3.8.a {copy ld flags output}：

gcc -I/usr/include/python3.8 -I/usr/include/python3.8  -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -g -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/python3.8-4wuY7n/python3.8-3.8.10=. -specs=/usr/share/dpkg/no-pie-compile.specs -fstack-protector -Wformat -Werror=format-security  -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -o main main.c /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a -L/usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu -L/usr/lib  -lcrypt -lpthread -ldl  -lutil -lm -lm

make test1产生错误，几乎所有错误都与-fPIE相关：

/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/ccdMZ2Yk.o: relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.rodata.str1.8' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(obmalloc.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.text.hot' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(initconfig.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against symbol `_PyRuntime' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(pathconfig.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against symbol `_Py_path_config' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(preconfig.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.rodata.str1.1' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(pylifecycle.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against symbol `_PyRuntime' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(pystate.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against `.rodata.str1.8' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(pythonrun.o): relocation R_X86_64_32 against symbol `_PyParser_Grammar' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
/usr/bin/ld: /usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8.a(pytime.o): relocation R_X86_64_32S against symbol `PyFloat_Type' can not be used when making a PIE object; recompile with -fPIE
.....

我看到有一个/usr/lib/python3.8/config-3.8-x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.8-pic.a，并尝试链接它，但也失败了（log）。
后来我尝试了一个Docker映像（python:3.10.5-bullseye）与共享构建python，并取得了成功。
第一个
（我在最后加了-lpython3.10）
它编译和./main：

root@tian-B250M-Wind:/# ./main
Today is Thu Jul 14 10:39:20 2022

我为Ubuntu系统编译的python3.8 one有什么问题吗？

无论如何，我只是想验证我是否可以链接静态python库libpythonx.y.a。所以如果有人可以在新安装的机器上或使用非系统自带的python（例如，自建的静态python）来实现这一点，我愿意尝试。