Alpine Dockerfile的优势--无缓存与rm /var/cache/apk/*

iq3niunx  于 2022-11-28  发布在  Docker
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(285)

在使用Alpine映像创建Dockerfiles时,我经常看到使用

  • apk add --no-cache,或
  • apk add,后面接着rm /var/cache/apk/*陈述式。

我很想知道使用--no-cache标志是否可以消除使用rm /var/cache/apk/*手动清除包缓存的需要。我还想知道哪种样式被认为是最佳实践。

5lhxktic

5lhxktic1#

--no-cache选项允许不在本地缓存索引,这对于保持容器较小很有用。
从字面上看,它在开始时等于apk update,在结束时等于rm -rf /var/cache/apk/*
使用--no-cache选项的一些示例:

$ docker run -ti alpine:3.7
/ # apk add nginx
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz: No such file or directory
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
  nginx (missing):
    required by: world[nginx]
/ # 
/ # apk add --no-cache nginx
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
(1/2) Installing pcre (8.41-r1)
(2/2) Installing nginx (1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-install
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r7.trigger
OK: 6 MiB in 13 packages
/ # 
/ # ls -la /var/cache/apk/
total 8
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          4096 Jan  9 19:37 .
drwxr-xr-x    5 root     root          4096 Mar  5 20:29 ..

另一个不使用--no-cache选项的示例:

$ docker run -ti alpine:3.7
/ # apk add nginx
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz: No such file or directory
WARNING: Ignoring APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz: No such file or directory
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
  nginx (missing):
    required by: world[nginx]
/ # 
/ # apk update
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
v3.7.0-107-g15dd6b8ab3 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main]
v3.7.0-105-g4b8b158c40 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community]
OK: 9048 distinct packages available
/ # 
/ # apk add nginx
(1/2) Installing pcre (8.41-r1)
(2/2) Installing nginx (1.12.2-r3)
Executing nginx-1.12.2-r3.pre-install
Executing busybox-1.27.2-r7.trigger
OK: 6 MiB in 13 packages
/ # 
/ # ls -la /var/cache/apk/
total 1204
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root          4096 Mar  5 20:31 .
drwxr-xr-x    6 root     root          4096 Mar  5 20:31 ..
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root        451508 Mar  3 00:30 APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root        768680 Mar  5 09:39 APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz
/ # 
/ # rm -vrf /var/cache/apk/*
removed '/var/cache/apk/APKINDEX.5022a8a2.tar.gz'
removed '/var/cache/apk/APKINDEX.70c88391.tar.gz'

正如你所看到的,这两种情况都是有效的。对我来说,使用--no-cache选项更优雅。

qvtsj1bj

qvtsj1bj2#

我认为这是一种设计风格,缓存的本质是重用,比如多个容器可以挂载同一个缓存的文件系统,而不需要从网络上反复下载。
可以查看apline wiki:https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_Linux_package_management#Local_Cache

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