另一个使用geom_col并在绘图前计算统计数据的版本：数据来自@艾伦·卡梅隆（非常感谢！）：

library(tidyverse)
library(RColorBrewer)   

demo_df %>% 
  as_tibble() %>% 
  count(sex, AgeGroup) %>% 
  ggplot(aes(x=AgeGroup, y=n, fill = sex))+
  geom_col(position = position_dodge())+
  geom_text(aes(label = n, group = sex), 
            position = position_dodge(width = .9),
            vjust = -1, size = 3)+
  scale_fill_brewer(palette = 1, direction = - 1) + 
  theme_bw() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 0),
        axis.text.y.left = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y.left = element_blank())

1.您需要指定标签应按sex进行group。
1.您还需要对标签应用position_dodge()。
1.添加位置调整后，nudge_y将不再起作用，您可以使用vjust代替。

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(demo_df, mapping = aes(x = AgeGroup)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = sex), position="dodge")+
  geom_text(
    stat = "count", 
    aes(label = scales::comma(after_stat(count)), group = sex),
    position = position_dodge(width = 0.9),
    vjust = -1,
    fontface = 2
  ) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 0),
        axis.text.y.left = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y.left = element_blank())

您需要在文本层中添加性别作为分组变量：

library(tidyverse)

ggplot(demo_df, mapping = aes(x = AgeGroup)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = sex), position="dodge")+
  geom_text(stat = "count", 
            aes(label = scales::comma(after_stat(count)), group = sex),
            position = position_dodge(width = 0.9), fontface = 2,
            vjust = -0.5) +
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 0),
        axis.text.y.left = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y.left = element_blank())

可重现数据取自OP上一个问题的答案

demo_df <- data.frame(sex = rep(c('F', 'M'), c(514729, 470971)), 
                     AgeGroup = rep(rep(c("18-25 years", "26-35 years",
                                          "36-45 years", "46-55 years",
                                          "55-65 years", "66-75 years",
                                          "76-85 years", "86+ years"), 2),
                                    times = c(40608, 80464, 85973, 72863, 72034,
                                              62862, 54588, 45337, 37341, 77383,
                                              83620, 67367, 67190, 64193, 49171,
                                              24706)))