Pandas:将新列添加到 Dataframe ,该 Dataframe 是索引列的副本

qlzsbp2j  于 2022-12-09  发布在  其他
关注(0)|答案(3)|浏览(166)

我有一个 Dataframe ,我想用matplotlib绘制,但索引列是时间,我无法绘制它。
这是 Dataframe (df3):

但当我尝试以下操作时:

plt.plot(df3['magnetic_mag mean'], df3['YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'], label='FDI')

很明显,我得到了一个错误:

KeyError: 'YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'

因此,我想做的是添加一个新的额外列到我的 Dataframe (名为'时间),这只是一个副本的索引列。
我该怎么做?
下面是完整的代码:

#Importing the csv file into df
df = pd.read_csv('university2.csv', sep=";", skiprows=1)

#Changing datetime
df['YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'] = pd.to_datetime(df['YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'], 
                                               format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S:%f')

#Set index from column
df = df.set_index('YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS')

#Add Magnetic Magnitude Column
df['magnetic_mag'] = np.sqrt(df['MAGNETIC FIELD X (μT)']**2 + df['MAGNETIC FIELD Y (μT)']**2 + df['MAGNETIC FIELD Z (μT)']**2)

#Subtract Earth's Average Magnetic Field from 'magnetic_mag'
df['magnetic_mag'] = df['magnetic_mag'] - 30

#Copy interesting values
df2 = df[[ 'ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE (hPa)',
          'TEMPERATURE (C)', 'magnetic_mag']].copy()

#Hourly Average and Standard Deviation for interesting values 
df3 = df2.resample('H').agg(['mean','std'])
df3.columns = [' '.join(col) for col in df3.columns]

df3.reset_index()
plt.plot(df3['magnetic_mag mean'], df3['YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'], label='FDI')

感谢您发送编修。

4ngedf3f

4ngedf3f1#

我认为您需要reset_index

df3 = df3.reset_index()

可能的解决方案,但我认为inplace不是很好的做法,请检查此和this

df3.reset_index(inplace=True)

但如果需要新列,用途:

df3['new'] = df3.index

我想你可以read_csv更好:

df = pd.read_csv('university2.csv', 
                 sep=";", 
                 skiprows=1,
                 index_col='YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS',
                 parse_dates='YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS') #if doesnt work, use pd.to_datetime

然后省略:

#Changing datetime
df['YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'] = pd.to_datetime(df['YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS'], 
                                               format='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S:%f')
#Set index from column
df = df.set_index('YYYY-MO-DD HH-MI-SS_SSS')

编辑:如果MultiIndex或Index来自groupby操作,可能的解决方案如下:

df = pd.DataFrame({'A':list('aaaabbbb'),
                   'B':list('ccddeeff'),
                   'C':range(8),
                   'D':range(4,12)})
print (df)
   A  B  C   D
0  a  c  0   4
1  a  c  1   5
2  a  d  2   6
3  a  d  3   7
4  b  e  4   8
5  b  e  5   9
6  b  f  6  10
7  b  f  7  11

df1 = df.groupby(['A','B']).sum()
print (df1)
      C   D
A B        
a c   1   9
  d   5  13
b e   9  17
  f  13  21

增加参数as_index=False

df2 = df.groupby(['A','B'], as_index=False).sum()
print (df2)
   A  B   C   D
0  a  c   1   9
1  a  d   5  13
2  b  e   9  17
3  b  f  13  21

或者添加reset_index

df2 = df.groupby(['A','B']).sum().reset_index()
print (df2)
   A  B   C   D
0  a  c   1   9
1  a  d   5  13
2  b  e   9  17
3  b  f  13  21
c0vxltue

c0vxltue2#

您可以直接在索引中访问并将其绘制出来,下面是一个示例:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000), index=pd.date_range('1/1/2000', periods=1000))

#Get index in horizontal axis
plt.plot(df.index, df[0])
plt.show()

#Get index in vertiacal axis
 plt.plot(df[0], df.index)
 plt.show()

ewm0tg9j

ewm0tg9j3#

您也可以使用eval来达成此目的:

In [2]: df = pd.DataFrame({'num': range(5), 'date': pd.date_range('2022-06-30', '2022-07-04')}, index=list('ABCDE'))

In [3]: df
Out[3]: 
   num       date
A    0 2022-06-30
B    1 2022-07-01
C    2 2022-07-02
D    3 2022-07-03
E    4 2022-07-04

In [4]: df.eval('index_copy = index')
Out[4]: 
   num       date index_copy
A    0 2022-06-30          A
B    1 2022-07-01          B
C    2 2022-07-02          C
D    3 2022-07-03          D
E    4 2022-07-04          E

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