我是第一次使用Spring Kafka，我不能使用Acknowledgement.acknowledge（）方法在我的消费者代码中进行手动提交，如这里提到的https://docs.spring.io/spring-kafka/reference/html/_reference.html#committing-offsets。我的是spring-boot应用程序。如果我不使用手动提交过程，我的代码工作正常。但当我使用Acknowledgement.acknowledge（）对于手动提交，它显示与bean相关的错误。另外，如果我没有正确使用手动提交，请建议我正确的方法。
错误消息：

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Field ack in Receiver required a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment' that could not be found.

Action:

Consider defining a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment' in your configuration.

我在谷歌上搜索了这个错误，我发现我需要添加 @Component ，但这已经在我的消费者代码中了。
我的消费者代码如下所示：Receiver.java

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Receiver {

    @Autowired
    public Acknowledgment ack;

    private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    @KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.topic.TestTopic}")
    public void receive(ConsumerRecord<?, ?> consumerRecord){
            System.out.println(consumerRecord.value());
            latch.countDown();
            ack.acknowledge();
    }
}

我的生产者代码如下所示：Sender.java

import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Sender {

    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<String, Map<String, Object>> kafkaTemplate;

    public void send(Map<String, Object> map){
            kafkaTemplate.send("TestTopic", map);

    }

}

编辑1：

我的新消费者代码如下所示：Receiver.java

import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Receiver {

    private CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);

    @KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.topic.TestTopic}", containerFactory = "kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory")
    public void receive(ConsumerRecord<?, ?> consumerRecord, Acknowledgment ack){
            System.out.println(consumerRecord.value());
            latch.countDown();
            ack.acknowledge();
    }
}

我还更改了配置类：

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;

@Configuration
@EnableKafka
public class ReceiverConfig {

    @Value("${kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
    private String bootstrapServers;

    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}")
    private String consumerGroupId;

    @Bean
    public Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() throws SendGridException {
            Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
            props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, consumerGroupId);
            return props;

    }

    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory(){
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
    }

    /*@Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaListenerContainerFactory(){
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());

        return factory;
    }*/

    @Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory(){
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public Receiver receiver() {
        return new Receiver();
    }
}

在将containerFactory =“kafkaManualAckListenerContainerFactory”添加到我的receive（）方法后，我收到以下错误。

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

Parameter 1 of method kafkaListenerContainerFactory in org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAnnotationDrivenConfiguration required a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory' that could not be found.
    - Bean method 'kafkaConsumerFactory' in 'KafkaAutoConfiguration' not loaded because @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found bean 'consumerFactory'

Action:

Consider revisiting the conditions above or defining a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory' in your configuration.