我有完全相同的问题，因为周日与我的树莓派3B和目前的Raspbian版本。
在Python 2.7下，安装完成了，但是在图像中有一个噪音，这在以前是没有发生的。
PS：由于SD卡的问题，我不得不在周日完全重新安装Raspbian。
版本：

Raspbian Buster with desktop and recommended software
Image with desktop and recommended software based on Debian Buster
Version:July 2019
Release date:2019-07-10
Kernel version:4.19

Python 3.7.3

PIP 19.2.1

当前numpy软件包已安装

嘿，你可以用这个脚本对树莓派与巴斯特版本的树莓。
首先，要使用下面的代码，你必须制作opencv41.sh文件，并将此代码放在opencv41.sh文件中。将此文件放在home中。* 在终端中使用bash opencv41.sh运行。请记住，你应该先转到home目录，然后打开终端并放入此命令。让我知道它是否有效。
我的opencv41.sh

sudo apt-get -y update
    sudo apt-get -y upgrade
    sudo apt-get -y install screen
    sudo apt-get -y install htop

    # substitute string1 for string2 globally
    sudo sed -i 's/CONF_SWAPSIZE=100/CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048/g' /etc/dphys-swapfile

    sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
    sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start

    sudo sed -i '$a gpu_mem=128' /boot/config.txt

    sudo apt-get -y install build-essential cmake pkg-config
    sudo apt-get -y install libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev
    sudo apt-get -y install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
    sudo apt-get -y install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
    sudo apt-get -y install libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev
    sudo apt-get -y install libatlas-base-dev gfortran

    sudo apt-get -y install python3-dev

    wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.1.0.zip

    wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.1.0.zip

    unzip opencv.zip
    unzip opencv_contrib.zip

    # yes you really need to rename the directories
    mv opencv-4.1.0/ opencv
    mv opencv_contrib-4.1.0/ opencv_contrib

    # you have to make python3.6 env so it uses python3.6 for the build
    mkdir -p .virtualenvs
    python3 -m venv .virtualenvs/cv2_env
    source .virtualenvs/cv2_env/bin/activate

    # took a really long time
    pip3 install numpy

    cd ~/opencv
    mkdir build
    cd build

    cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
    -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib/modules \
    -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
    -D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON \
    -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
    -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
    -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
    -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..

    make -j4

    sudo make install
    sudo ldconfig
    sudo apt-get update

    cd ~/opencv/build/lib/python3
    mkdir -p ~/lib/cv2
    cp cv2.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so ~/lib/cv2
    ln -s ~/lib/cv2/cv2.cpython-37m-arm-linux-gnueabihf.so ~/.virtualenvs/cv2_env/lib/python3.7/site-packages/cv2.so

    cd ~

    # update /etc/dphys-swapfile to increase size
    # set CONF_SWAPSIZE=100
    # set CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048
    sudo sed -i 's/CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048/CONF_SWAPSIZE=100/g' /etc/dphys-swapfile

    sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile stop
    sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile start

    # update /boot/config.txt
    sudo sed -i 's/gpu_mem=128/gpu_mem=16/g' /boot/config.txt

    rm opencv.zip
    rm opencv_contrib.zip

    sudo rm -r opencv
    sudo rm -r opencv_contrib

    # to test
    # source ~/.virtualenvs/cv2_env/bin/activate
    # python
    # import cv2
    # print(cv2.__version__)
    # you should see 4.1.0