我设法解决这个问题与cordova-plugin-inappbrowser通过使用自定义导航客户端，这里是我的实现：

自定义导航客户端

class CustomNavigationClient extends NavigationClient {
      async navigateExternal(url: string, options: any) {
        // Cortdova implementation
        if (window.hasOwnProperty("cordova")) {
          var ref = cordova.InAppBrowser.open(url, '_blank', 'location=yes,clearcache=yes,clearsessioncache=yes');

          // Check if the appbrowser started a navigation
          ref.addEventListener('loadstart', (event: any) => {
            // Check if the url contains the #state login parameter
            if (event.url.includes('#state')) {
              // Close the in app browser and redirect to localhost + the state parameter
              // msal-login is a fake route to trigger a page refresh
              ref.close();
              const domain = event.url.split('#')[0];
              const url = event.url.replace(domain, 'http://localhost/msal-login');
              window.location.href = url;
            }
          });
        } else {
          if (options.noHistory) {
            window.location.replace(url);
          } else {
            window.location.assign(url);
          }
        }
        return true;
      }
    }

应用程序组件.ts

const navigationClient = new CustomNavigationClient();
    this.msalService.instance.setNavigationClient(navigationClient);
    
    this.msalService.instance.handleRedirectPromise().then((authResult: any) => {
      console.debug('AuthResult ---->', authResult);
      if (authResult) { 
        // your login logic goes here. 
      } else {
        this.msalService.instance.loginRedirect();
      }
    });

我可以确认Paolo Cuscelas解决方案正在工作。我们在cordova InAppBrowser中使用了ionic & capacitor，因为capacitor浏览器不支持监听url更改，而这是“代理”msal路由参数所必需的。
另外，确保在azure门户中注册重定向uri。
应用程序的其余部分或多或少是基于microsoft for msal/angular包提供的示例进行设置的。

电容器的自定义导航客户端

请确保将msal交互类型设置为“InteractionType.Redirect”
构造函数要求传入InAppBrowser引用。
azure还通过#code而不是#state返回url中的数据，所以请确保相应地拆分url。

class CustomNavigationClient extends NavigationClient {

  constructor(private iab: InAppBrowser) {
    super();
  }

  async navigateExternal(url: string, options: any) {
    if (Capacitor.isNativePlatform()) {
      const browser = this.iab.create(url, '_blank', {
        location: 'yes',
        clearcache: 'yes',
        clearsessioncache: 'yes',
        hidenavigationbuttons: 'yes',
        hideurlbar: 'yes',
        fullscreen: 'yes'
      });
      browser.on('loadstart').subscribe(event => {
        if (event.url.includes('#code')) {
          // Close the in app browser and redirect to localhost + the state parameter
          browser.close();
          
          const domain = event.url.split('#')[0];
          const url = event.url.replace(domain, 'http://localhost/home');
          console.log('will redirect to:', url);
          window.location.href = url;
        }
      });
    } else {
      if (options.noHistory) {
        window.location.replace(url);
      } else {
        window.location.assign(url);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }
}

应用程序组件.ts

注册导航客户端

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
import { InAppBrowser } from '@awesome-cordova-plugins/in-app-browser/ngx';
import { MsalBroadcastService, MsalService } from '@azure/msal-angular';
import { AuthenticationResult, EventMessage, EventType, NavigationClient } from '@azure/msal-browser';
import { Capacitor } from '@capacitor/core';
import { Subject } from 'rxjs';
import { filter, tap } from 'rxjs/operators';
import { AzureAuthService } from '@core/auth';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.scss']
})
export class AppComponent implements OnInit {

  constructor(
    private azureAuthService: AzureAuthService,
    private authService: MsalService,
    private msalBroadcastService: MsalBroadcastService,
    private router: Router,
    private iab: InAppBrowser,
    private msalService: MsalService,
  ) {
    this.msalService.instance.setNavigationClient(new CustomNavigationClient(this.iab));
  }

  ngOnInit(): void {

    this.msalBroadcastService.msalSubject$
      .pipe(
        filter((msg: EventMessage) => msg.eventType === EventType.LOGIN_SUCCESS),
      )
      .subscribe((result: EventMessage) => {
        console.log('--> login success 1: ', result);
        const payload = result.payload as AuthenticationResult;
        this.authService.instance.setActiveAccount(payload.account);

        // custom service to handle authentication result within application
        this.azureAuthService.handleAuthentication(payload) 
          .pipe(
            tap(() => {
              console.log('--> login success 2: ');
              this.router.navigate(['/home']);
            })
          )
          .subscribe();
      });
  }

}

包.json

如果你使用angulas monorepo方法，请确保你把依赖项放在你的项目特定的package.json文件中，否则，当使用npx电容同步同步插件（cordova和capacitor）时，插件会被忽略。这会导致错误“... plugin_not_installed”

"dependencies": {
    ...
    "@capacitor/android": "3.4.1",
    "cordova-plugin-inappbrowser": "^5.0.0",
    "@awesome-cordova-plugins/in-app-browser": "^5.39.1",
    "@azure/msal-angular": "^2.0.1",
    "@azure/msal-browser": "^2.15.0",
    ...
}

本人确认Jazjef解决方案适用于Ionic 6，在Android上使用capacitor工作，但在IOS上需要更改event.url.replace的代码，以使用capacitor：//localhost/重定向到应用程序，如果您让“http：//localhost/”，它将尝试在系统浏览器上打开URL，

async navigateExternal(url: string, options: any) {
// Cortdova implementation
if (Capacitor.isNativePlatform()) {
  var browser = this.iab.create(url, '_blank', 'location=yes,clearcache=yes,clearsessioncache=yes,hidenavigationbuttons=true,hideurlbar=true,fullscreen=true');

  browser.on('loadstart').subscribe(event => {
     if (event.url.includes('#code')) {
       browser.close();
      const domain = event.url.split('#')[0];
     const url = event.url.replace(domain, 'capacitor://localhost/home');
      window.location.href = url;
    }

  });

} else {
  if (options.noHistory) {
   // window.location.replace(url);
  } else {
   // window.location.assign(url);
  }
}
return true;

}