一种选择是将数据库的排序规则更改为区分大小写的排序规则，如SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AS。
您可以在SQL Server Management Studio中通过对象资源管理器执行此操作，方法是右键单击数据库，然后转到“属性”〉“选项”，然后选择“排序规则”下拉列表。名称中包含“CS”的任何排序规则都区分大小写。
当然，正如评论中所指出的，这可能是矫枉过正，您也可以只覆盖一列的排序规则，如下所述：
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190920.aspx

不必使整个数据库都区分大小写，只需使主键列区分大小写即可：

CREATE TABLE dbo.T_NodeNames
(
     node_name national character varying(20) COLLATE German_PhoneBook_100_CS_AS_KS_WS_SC_UTF8 NOT NULL
    ,tag_name national character varying(20) NULL
    ,tag national character varying(20) NULL
    ,node_type int NULL 
    ,deprecated int NULL
    ,descr national character varying(128) NULL
    ,creation_mechanism national character varying(50) NULL
    ,support national character varying(50) NULL
    ,use_instead national character varying(50) NULL
    ,CONSTRAINT pk_node_names PRIMARY KEY(node_name) 
); 
GO

或作为表变量：

DECLARE @nodeNames TABLE 
(
     node_name national character varying(20) COLLATE German_PhoneBook_100_CS_AS_KS_WS_SC_UTF8 NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY 
    ,tag_name national character varying(20) NULL 
    ,tag national character varying(20) NULL 
    ,node_type int NULL 
    ,deprecated int NULL 
    ,descr national character varying(128) NULL 
    ,creation_mechanism national character varying(50) NULL 
    ,support national character varying(50) NULL 
    ,use_instead national character varying(50) NULL 
);