QUERY_ALL_PACKAGES权限是必需的，并且enforced directly by wallpaper manager无法绕过该权限。
如果你只是想得到当前的壁纸信息，你可以使用这样的东西

<queries>
        <intent>
            <action android:name="android.service.wallpaper.WallpaperService"/>
        </intent>
    </queries>

val currentWallpaperService = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.TIRAMISU) {
            packageManager.resolveService(
                Intent(WallpaperService.SERVICE_INTERFACE),
                PackageManager.ResolveInfoFlags.of(PackageManager.GET_META_DATA.toLong())
            )
        } else {
            packageManager.resolveService(
                Intent(WallpaperService.SERVICE_INTERFACE),
                PackageManager.GET_META_DATA
            )
        }

        val wallpaperInfo =  WallpaperInfo(this, currentWallpaperService)

要获取当前动态壁纸应用的信息而不使用queryAllWallpapers，您可以尝试以下方法：
1.使用WallpaperManager类：

WallpaperManager wallpaperManager = WallpaperManager.getInstance(context);
WallpaperInfo wallpaperInfo = wallpaperManager.getWallpaperInfo();

if (wallpaperInfo != null) {
    // wallpaperInfo.getPackageName() gives the package name of the live wallpaper app
    // wallpaperInfo.getServiceName() gives the fully qualified name of the service component
    // that implements the live wallpaper
}

1.使用“设置.安全”类：

String liveWallpaperComponent = Settings.Secure.getString(context.getContentResolver(),
                                                         Settings.Secure.LIVE_WALLPAPER_COMPONENT);

if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(liveWallpaperComponent)) {
    // liveWallpaperComponent gives the fully qualified name of the service component
    // that implements the live wallpaper
}

这两种方法都需要READ_WALLPAPER权限。
注意：queryAllWallpapers方法在API级别26（Android 8.0 Oreo）中已弃用，在API级别30（Android 11）中已移除。不建议使用此方法，因为它可能无法在所有设备上使用。