python 如何在这个for循环中使用removesufix()来返回没有我选择的尾随词的列表项？

euoag5mw 于 2022-12-25 发布在 Python

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我的任务是获取下面的列表，并根据主列表的项中是否包含"-Flowers"或"-Shrub"来获得两个不同的列表。我使用列表解析和for循环来完成这两个任务。但是，我似乎无法使用removesufix（）函数删除这些尾随部分并打印列表。
下面是我的代码

data = [
    "Andromeda - Shrub",
    "Bellflower - Flower",
    "China Pink - Flower",
    "Daffodil - Flower",
    "Evening Primrose - Flower",
    "French Marigold - Flower",
    "Hydrangea - Shrub",
    "Iris - Flower",
    "Japanese Camellia - Shrub",
    "Lavender - Shrub",
    "Lilac - Shrub",
    "Magnolia - Shrub",
    "Peony - Shrub",
    "Queen Anne's Lace - Flower",
    "Red Hot Poker - Flower",
    "Snapdragon - Flower",
    "Sunflower - Flower",
    "Tiger Lily - Flower",
    "Witch Hazel - Shrub",
]

#List comprehension method
# flowers = [flowers for flowers in data if "Flower" in flowers]
# shrubs = [shrubs for shrubs in data if "Shrub" in shrubs]

#For loops method
flowers = []
shrubs = []

for strings in data:
    if " - Flower" in strings:
        trailing = strings
        trailing.removesuffix(" - Flower")
        flowers.append(trailing)
    elif " - Shrub" in strings:
        strings.removesuffix(" - Shrub")
        shrubs.append(strings)

print(flowers)
print(f"\n")
print(shrubs)

这段代码可以工作，但我总是像删除没有发生一样获得结果：

['Bellflower - Flower', 'China Pink - Flower', 'Daffodil - Flower', 'Evening Primrose - Flower', 'French Marigold - Flower', 'Iris - Flower', "Queen Anne's Lace - Flower", 'Red Hot Poker - Flower', 'Snapdragon - Flower', 'Sunflower - Flower', 'Tiger Lily - Flower']

如何在列表解析和for循环方法中使用removesufix（）来删除这些部分？

python

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74906869/how-to-use-removesuffix-within-this-for-loop-to-return-the-list-items-without

3条答案

按热度按时间

ehxuflar1#

您需要指定removesuffix函数调用的输出：

for string in data:
    if " - Flower" in string:
        trailing = string.removesuffix(" - Flower")
        flowers.append(trailing)
    elif " - Shrub" in string:
        trailing = string.removesuffix(" - Shrub")
        shrubs.append(trailing)

尽管在这种情况下，我还是建议您使用endswith作为if语句：

flower_suffix = " - Flower"
shrub_suffix = " - Shrub"

for string in data:
    if string.endswith(flower_suffix):
        flowers.append(string.removesuffix(flower_suffix))
    elif string.endswith(shrub_suffix):
        shrubs.append(string.removesuffix(shrub_suffix))

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2022-12-25

g9icjywg2#

str.removesuffix()内部检查给定字符串是否以某个后缀结束，因此如果不需要检查两次，您可以将原始字符串与从.removesuffix()返回的字符串进行比较，如果不相同，则意味着字符串中存在后缀：

data = [ ... ]
flower_suffix = " - Flower"
shrub_suffix = " - Shrub"

flowers = []
shrubs = []
for string in data:
    new_string = string.removesuffix(flower_suffix)
    if string != new_string:
        flowers.append(new_string)
    else:
        new_string = string.removesuffix(shrub_suffix)
        if string != new_string:
            shrubs.append(new_string)

你可以用海象把它变短：

for string in data:
    if string != (string := string.removesuffix(flower_suffix)):
        flowers.append(string)
    elif string != (string := string.removesuffix(shrub_suffix)):
        shrubs.append(string)

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2022-12-25

vlju58qv3#

变更

trailing.removesuffix(" - Flower")

到

trailng = trailing.removesuffix(" - Flower")

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2022-12-25

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python 如何在这个for循环中使用removesufix()来返回没有我选择的尾随词的列表项？

3条答案

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