我正在升级Ubuntu，从16.04升级到18.04，但是我在中途错误地重启了机器。我尝试按照本文选项2中的命令再次升级系统。
1.1.更新软件包存储库列表：

sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]                                 
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]                              
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [55.2 kB]                                    
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [60.9 kB]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2,464 B]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [297 kB]             
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [302 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [2,468 B]
Fetched 986 kB in 2s (499 kB/s)                                               
Reading package lists... Done

1.2.然后，升级已安装的软件包，并让系统使用以下命令处理软件包依赖关系：
一个一个二个一个一个一个三个一个一个一个一个一个一个四个一个一个一个一个一个五个一个
1.3.最后，通过删除所有不必要的软件包来释放磁盘空间：

sudo apt-get autoremove

$ sudo apt-get autoremove

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-tools-4.15.0-46-generic : Depends: linux-tools-4.15.0-46 but it is not installed
 linux-tools-4.15.0-50-generic : Depends: linux-tools-4.15.0-50 but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

2.1.运行用于安装Update Manager的命令：

sudo apt-get install update-manager-core

但是我从linux得到错误-工具坏了。

(base) $ sudo apt-get install update-manager-core
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
update-manager-core is already the newest version (1:18.04.11.13).
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 linux-tools-4.15.0-43-generic : Depends: linux-tools-4.15.0-43 but it is not going to be installed
 linux-tools-4.15.0-46-generic : Depends: linux-tools-4.15.0-46 but it is not going to be installed
 linux-tools-4.15.0-50-generic : Depends: linux-tools-4.15.0-50 but it is not going to be installed

(base) xxx@yyy:~$ sudo apt-get --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... 50%
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  fonts-dejavu fonts-deva-extra fonts-kalapi fonts-smc fonts-smc-anjalioldlipi fonts-smc-chilanka fonts-smc-dyuthi fonts-smc-karumbi fonts-smc-keraleeyam fonts-smc-manjari fonts-smc-meera fonts-smc-rachana
  fonts-smc-raghumalayalamsans fonts-smc-suruma fonts-smc-uroob gcc-6-base:i386 gir1.2-gtk-2.0 gnome-orca icoutils idle-python2.7 ipython3-qtconsole katepart kde-runtime kde-runtime-data kde-style-breeze
  kde-style-breeze-qt4 kdelibs-bin kdelibs5-data kdelibs5-plugins kdoctools libamd2.4.1 libass5 libatk1.0-dev libattica0.4 libavcodec-ffmpeg56 libavfilter-ffmpeg5 libavformat-ffmpeg56 libavresample-ffmpeg2
  libavutil-ffmpeg54 libblas-common libbluray1 libbotan-1.10-1 libcairo-script-interpreter2 libcairo2-dev libcamd2.4.1 libcapnp-0.5.3 libccolamd2.9.1 libcholmod3.0.6 libchromaprint0 libclang1-3.6 libconfig-file-perl
  libcxsparse3.1.4 libdlrestrictions1 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-dev libgflags2v5 libgl2ps0 libglpk36 libgpgme++2v5 libgtk2.0-dev libgtkglext1 libhdf5-10 libhdf5-cpp-11 libirs-export141 libisccfg-export140 libjasper-dev
  libkactivities6 libkatepartinterfaces4 libkcmutils4 libkde3support4 libkdeclarative5 libkdecore5 libkdesu5 libkdeui5 libkdewebkit5 libkdnssd4 libkemoticons4 libkf5style5 libkfile4 libkhtml5 libkio5 libkjsapi4 libkjsembed4
  libkmediaplayer4 libknewstuff3-4 libknotifyconfig4 libkntlm4 libkparts4 libkpty4 libkrosscore4 libktexteditor4 libkxmlrpcclient4 libllvm3.6v5 libmimic0 libntrack-qt4-1 libntrack0 liboctave3 libopencv-calib3d2.4v5
  libopencv-contrib2.4v5 libopencv-core2.4v5 libopencv-features2d2.4v5 libopencv-flann2.4v5 libopencv-gpu2.4v5 libopencv-highgui2.4v5 libopencv-imgproc2.4v5 libopencv-legacy2.4v5 libopencv-ml2.4v5 libopencv-objdetect2.4v5
  libopencv-ocl2.4v5 libopencv-photo2.4v5 libopencv-stitching2.4v5 libopencv-superres2.4v5 libopencv-ts2.4v5 libopencv-video2.4v5 libopencv-videostab2.4v5 libopencv2.4-jni libopenjpeg5 libpango1.0-dev libphonon4
  libpixman-1-dev libplasma3 libpolkit-qt-1-1 libpostproc-ffmpeg53 libprotoc9v5 libpython3.5-dbg libpython3.5-dev libqbscore1 libqbsqtprofilesetup1 libqca2 libqca2-plugins libqscintilla2-12v5 libqscintilla2-l10n
  libqt5clucene5 libqtwebkit4 libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsodium18 libsolid4 libsox2 libsrtp0 libstreamanalyzer0v5 libstreams0v5 libswresample-ffmpeg1 libswscale-ffmpeg3 libthreadweaver4 libumfpack5.7.1 libunwind-dev libva1
  libwebpdemux1 libwildmidi1 libx264-148 libx265-79 libxcb-shm0-dev libxcomposite-dev libxcursor-dev libxinerama-dev libxrandr-dev linux-generic linux-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-headers-4.15.0-140
  linux-headers-4.15.0-140-generic linux-headers-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-hwe-tools-4.15.0-46 linux-hwe-tools-4.15.0-50 linux-image-4.15.0-140-generic linux-image-generic-hwe-16.04 linux-modules-4.15.0-140-generic
  linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-140-generic linux-tools-4.4.0-210 linux-tools-4.4.0-210-generic ntrack-module-libnl-0 orca oxideqt-codecs-extra oxygen-icon-theme phonon phonon-backend-gstreamer phonon-backend-gstreamer-common
  plasma-scriptengine-javascript pylint python-astroid python-backports.functools-lru-cache python-cairo python-concurrent.futures python-configparser python-egenix-mxdatetime python-egenix-mxtools python-gobject-2
  python-gtk2 python-isort python-lazy-object-proxy python-logilab-common python-mccabe python-singledispatch python-spyderlib-doc python-wrapt python3-pep8 python3-spyderlib python3.5-dbg python3.5-dev
  x11proto-composite-dev x11proto-dri2-dev x11proto-gl-dev x11proto-randr-dev x11proto-xinerama-dev xserver-xorg-input-all-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-input-evdev-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-input-synaptics-hwe-16.04
  xserver-xorg-input-wacom-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-legacy-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-video-qxl-hwe-16.04 xserver-xorg-video-vesa-hwe-16.04
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  linux-tools-4.15.0-46 linux-tools-4.15.0-50
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  linux-tools-4.15.0-46 linux-tools-4.15.0-50
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/9,255 kB of archives.
After this operation, 41.8 MB of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 487109 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-tools-4.15.0-46_4.15.0-46.49_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-tools-4.15.0-46 (4.15.0-46.49) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-tools-4.15.0-46_4.15.0-46.49_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/libcpupower.so.4.15.0-46', which is also in package linux-hwe-tools-4.15.0-46 4.15.0-46.49~16.04.1
dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-tools-4.15.0-50_4.15.0-50.54_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-tools-4.15.0-50 (4.15.0-50.54) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-tools-4.15.0-50_4.15.0-50.54_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/libcpupower.so.4.15.0-50', which is also in package linux-hwe-tools-4.15.0-50 4.15.0-50.54~16.04.1
dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-tools-4.15.0-46_4.15.0-46.49_amd64.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-tools-4.15.0-50_4.15.0-50.54_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我的最后一个选择是重新安装操作系统，但它会擦除我的数据，或者我需要备份大量数据，这需要大量时间。