最后我把它做成了这样：

@Document(collection = "teams")
public class Team {
    @Id
    @BsonProperty("_id")
    private ObjectId id;
    private Integer orgId;
    private String name;
    private List<Member> players;
    private List<Member> staff;

    public class Member {
        @Id
        private ObjectId id;
        private String name;
    }
}

然后我将CodecRegistry添加到MongoChangeStream类中，如下所示：
这就是我所尝试的：

@Component
public class MongoChangeStream {

    private final MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

    public MongoDBChangeStream(MongoTemplate mongoTemplate) {
        this.mongoTemplate = mongoTemplate;
    }

    @EventListener(ContextRefreshedEvent.class)
    public void changeStream() {

        // Select the collection to query
        CodecRegistry pojoCodecRegistry = org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries.fromRegistries(MongoClientSettings.getDefaultCodecRegistry(), org.bson.codecs.configuration.CodecRegistries.fromProviders(PojoCodecProvider.builder().conventions(List.of(ANNOTATION_CONVENTION)).automatic(true).build()));
        MongoCollection<Team> collection = mongoTemplate.getCollection("teams").withCodecRegistry(pojoCodecRegistry).withDocumentClass(Group.class);

        // Create pipeline for operationType filter
        List<Bson> pipeline = Arrays.asList(
                Aggregates.match(
                        Filters.in("operationType",
                                Arrays.asList("insert", "update", "delete"))));

        // Create the Change Stream and watch on the filters in the pipeline
        ChangeStreamIterable<Team> changeStream = collection.watch()
            .fullDocument(FullDocument.UPDATE_LOOKUP)
            .fullDocumentBeforeChange(FullDocumentBeforeChange.REQUIRED);

        // Iterate over the Change Stream
        for (ChangeStreamDocument<Team> changeEvent : changeStream) {
            switch (changeEvent.getOperationType().name()) {
                case "UPDATE":
                    if (changeEvent.getUpdateDescription().getUpdatedFields().containsKey("players")) {
                        // Do something
                    }
                    if (changeEvent.getUpdateDescription().getUpdatedFields().containsKey("staff")) {
                        // Do something
                    }
                    break;
                case "DELETE":
                        // Do something
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}