将tibble（因为数据在tbl_df中）与sapply一起使用。由于某些类定义返回多个字符串，因此需要paste。

library(tibble)

tibble(Name = colnames(df), Class = sapply(df, function(x) 
  paste(class(x), collapse=", ")))
# A tibble: 17 × 2
   Name                 Class          
   <chr>                <chr>          
 1 case_id              character      
 2 action               character      
 3 resource             character      
 4 lifecycle            numeric        
 5 registration_type    factor         
 6 timestamp            POSIXct, POSIXt
 7 activity             character      
 8 activity_description character      
 9 ...9                 logical        
10 product              character      
11 product_type_text    character      
12 qty                  numeric        
13 in_out               character      
14 qty_scrap            numeric        
15 FP ordre             character      
16 Artikkeltype         character      
17 .order               integer

dat <- stack(lapply(df, class))[2:1] 
colnames(dat) <- c("Name", "Class")

> dat
#                    Name     Class
# 1               case_id character
# 2                action character
# 3              resource character
# 4             lifecycle   numeric
# 5     registration_type    factor
# 6             timestamp   POSIXct
# 7             timestamp    POSIXt
# 8              activity character
# 9  activity_description character
# 10                 ...9   logical
# 11              product character
# 12    product_type_text character
# 13                  qty   numeric
# 14               in_out character
# 15            qty_scrap   numeric
# 16             FP ordre character
# 17         Artikkeltype character
# 18               .order   integer

您也可以检查summary.default以获得一种快速方法：

summary.default(df)
#                      Length Class   Mode     
# case_id              2      -none-  character
# action               2      -none-  character
# resource             2      -none-  character
# lifecycle            2      -none-  numeric  
# registration_type    2      factor  numeric  
# timestamp            2      POSIXct numeric  
# activity             2      -none-  character
# activity_description 2      -none-  character
# ...9                 2      -none-  logical  
# product              2      -none-  character
# product_type_text    2      -none-  character
# qty                  2      -none-  numeric  
# in_out               2      -none-  character
# qty_scrap            2      -none-  numeric  
# FP ordre             2      -none-  character
# Artikkeltype         2      -none-  character
# .order               2      -none-  numeric