python 如何使用Requests从Github下载和写入文件

7fyelxc5  于 2023-02-02  发布在  Python
关注(0)|答案(4)|浏览(215)

假设有一个文件存在于github repo中:
https://github.com/someguy/brilliant/blob/master/somefile.txt
我尝试使用requests来请求这个文件,把它的内容写到磁盘的当前工作目录中,以便以后使用。现在,我使用下面的代码:

import requests
from os import getcwd

url = "https://github.com/someguy/brilliant/blob/master/somefile.txt"
directory = getcwd()
filename = directory + 'somefile.txt'
r = requests.get(url)

f = open(filename,'w')
f.write(r.content)

毫无疑问很丑,更重要的是,不起作用。而不是预期的文本,我得到:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--

Hello future GitHubber! I bet you're here to remove those nasty inline styles,
DRY up these templates and make 'em nice and re-usable, right?

Please, don't. https://github.com/styleguide/templates/2.0

-->
<html>
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <title>Page not found &middot; GitHub</title>
    <style type="text/css" media="screen">
      body {
        background: #f1f1f1;
        font-family: "HelveticaNeue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
        text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
        margin: 0; }

      .container { margin: 50px auto 40px auto; width: 600px; text-align: center; }

      a { color: #4183c4; text-decoration: none; }
      a:visited { color: #4183c4 }
      a:hover { text-decoration: none; }

      h1 { letter-spacing: -1px; line-height: 60px; font-size: 60px; font-weight: 100; margin: 0px; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #fff; }
      p { color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 20px 0 40px; }

      ul { list-style: none; margin: 25px 0; padding: 0; }
      li { display: table-cell; font-weight: bold; width: 1%; }
      #error-suggestions { font-size: 14px; }
      #next-steps { margin: 25px 0 50px 0;}
      #next-steps li { display: block; width: 100%; text-align: center; padding: 5px 0; font-weight: normal; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); }
      #next-steps a { font-weight: bold; }
      .divider { border-top: 1px solid #d5d5d5; border-bottom: 1px solid #fafafa;}

      #parallax_wrapper {
        position: relative;
        z-index: 0;
      }
      #parallax_field {
        overflow: hidden;
        position: absolute;
        left: 0;
        top: 0;
        height: 370px;
        width: 100%;
      }

等等等等。
来自Github的内容,但不是文件的内容。我做错了什么?

yizd12fk

yizd12fk1#

相关文件的内容被包含在返回的数据中,你将得到该文件的完整GitHub视图,而不仅仅是内容。
如果您只想下载该文件,您需要使用页面顶部的Raw链接,该链接将是(对于您的示例):

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/someguy/brilliant/master/somefile.txt

注意域名的变化,路径的blob/部分消失了。
要使用requests GitHub仓库本身来演示这一点:

>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get('https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/blob/master/README.rst')
>>> 'Requests:' in r.text
True
>>> r.headers['Content-Type']
'text/html; charset=utf-8'
>>> r = requests.get('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kennethreitz/requests/master/README.rst')
>>> 'Requests:' in r.text
True
>>> r.headers['Content-Type']
'text/plain; charset=utf-8'
>>> print r.text
Requests: HTTP for Humans
=========================

.. image:: https://travis-ci.org/kennethreitz/requests.png?branch=master
[... etc. ...]
odopli94

odopli942#

您需要从https://raw.githubusercontent.com请求文件的原始版本。
查看差异:
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/django/django/master/setup.pyhttps://github.com/django/django/blob/master/setup.py的比较
此外,您可能应该在目录和文件名之间添加一个/

>>> getcwd()+'foo.txt'
'/Users/burhanfoo.txt'
>>> import os
>>> os.path.join(getcwd(),'foo.txt')
'/Users/burhan/foo.txt'
2ic8powd

2ic8powd3#

作为更新,https://raw.github.comwas migrated更改为https://raw.githubusercontent.com。因此,通用格式为:

url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/user/repo/branch/[subfolders]/file"

例如https://raw.githubusercontent.com/earnestt1234/seedir/master/setup.py。仍然使用Martijn答案中的requests.get(url)

pod7payv

pod7payv4#

添加准备好复制+粘贴的工作示例:

import requests
from requests.structures import CaseInsensitiveDict

url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/organization/repo/branch/folder/file"

# If repo is private - we need to add a token in header:
headers = CaseInsensitiveDict()
headers["Authorization"] = "token TOKEN"

resp = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
print(resp.status_code)

(*)如果存储库不是私有的-删除标题部分。

    • 奖金:**

查看this Curl Python-requests在线转换器。< --> Python-requests online converter.

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