我试着把每个文本放在各自的位置，但文本出来的位置跳跃，从而举例说明，有15组酒吧在图表中，但只有8个有他们的命名在x轴上。
每组条形图都有自己的名称。

andar = ['0', '23º andar',  '22º andar',    '21º andar',    '20º andar',    '19º andar',    '18º andar',    '17º andar',
       '16º andar', '15º andar',    '14º andar',    '13º andar',    '12º andar',    '11º andar',    'Térreo A', 'Térreo B']
ano_1=[285, 107, 38,    61, 62, 93, 45, 68, 88, 60, 77, 61, 60, 457,    34,]
ano_2=[336, 38, 24, 72, 64, 92, 52, 72, 94, 63, 80, 41, 65, 431,    45]
ano_3=[277, 12, 21, 19, 38, 86, 37, 45, 68, 55, 61, 15, 43, 431,    27]
ano_4=[261, 8,  2,  4,  46, 91, 33, 41, 61, 55, 55, 22, 41, 452,    21]
ano_5=[222, 2,  2,  6,  46, 80, 33, 41, 63, 61, 57, 26, 39, 457,    14]
barWidth = 0.14  # the width of the bars
fig, ax = plt.subplots(constrained_layout=True, figsize=(30, 12))
rects1 = np.arange(len(ano_1))
rects2 = [x + barWidth for x in rects1]
rects3 = [x + barWidth for x in rects2]
rects4 = [x + barWidth for x in rects3]
rects5 = [x + barWidth for x in rects4]
plt.bar(rects1, ano_1, width=barWidth, label = 2018)
plt.bar(rects2, ano_2, width=barWidth, label = 2019)
plt.bar(rects3, ano_3, width=barWidth, label = 2020)
plt.bar(rects4, ano_4, width=barWidth, label = 2021)
plt.bar(rects5, ano_5, width=barWidth, label = 2022)
# Add some text for labels, title and custom x-axis tick labels, etc.
ax.set_ylabel('Consumo')
ax.set_title('Consumo de energia por andar')
ax.set_xticklabels(labels = andar, rotation = 45)
ax.legend()
fig.tight_layout()