更新：我认为这是我想要做的。关键是配置对象将错误存储为Exceptions，然后可以针对子类ValidateError检查这些异常。这样你就只需要对每个子类做一次检查，而不是对每个参数值做一次检查。如果验证失败时抛出一个异常可能会更好，但可能会失去其他功能。

self.config = configobj.ConfigObj(configFile, configspec=self.getConfigSpecFile())
validator = Validator()
results = self.config.validate(validator, preserve_errors=True)

for entry in flatten_errors(self.config, results):

   [sectionList, key, error] = entry
   if error == False:
      msg = "The parameter %s was not in the config file\n" % key
      msg += "Please check to make sure this parameter is present and there are no mis-spellings."
      raise ConfigException(msg)

   if key is not None:
      if isinstance(error, VdtValueError):
         optionString = self.config.configspec[key]
         msg = "The parameter %s was set to %s which is not one of the allowed values\n" % (key, self.config[key])
         msg += "Please set the value to be in %s" % optionString
         raise ConfigException(msg)

OptionString只是一个形式为option的字符串（“option 1”，“option 2”），而不是一个列表，因此要使它看起来更漂亮，您需要获取（）中的子字符串。

为便于感兴趣的人员将来参考，您还应检查无关数据。这可以在extra_values属性中找到。完整的示例可能是：

from configobj import ConfigObj, ConfigObjError, flatten_errors
from validate import Validator, VdtValueError

def check_extra(config, results):
    "Recursive function for checking extra sections and values"

    if isinstance(results, bool):
        return ""

    parentname = ""
    cfg=config
    while cfg.name is not None:
        parentname=f"[{cfg.name}]" + parentname
        cfg = cfg.parent
    if parentname != "":
        parentname = f" in section {parentname}"

    if config.extra_values:
        wmsg = f"\nValues defined{parentname} but not in specification:\n    {config.extra_values}"
    else:
        wmsg=""
    for s in config.sections:
        if s not in results.keys():
            wmsg += f"\n{'['+s+']':>20s} section found{parentname} but not in specification"
        else:
            wmsg += check_extra(config[s], results[s])
    return wmsg

def load_config(configfile, configspec):
    "Load and check configvale acccording to spec"

    config = ConfigObj(configfile, file_error=True, configspec=configspec)
    validator = Validator()
    results = config.validate(validator, preserve_errors=True)

    msg = ""
    fatalerr = False

    for entry in flatten_errors(config, results):

        [sectionList, key, error] = entry
        if error is False:
            msg += f"\n{key:>30s} missing in section [{']['.join(sectionList)}]"
            fatalerr = True

        if key is not None:
            if isinstance(error, VdtValueError):
                optionString = config.configspec[key]
                msg += f"\nThe parameter {key} was set to {[config[s][key] for s in sectionList]} which is not one of the allowed values\n"
                msg += "    Please set the value to be in %s" % optionString
                fatalerr = True

    # Verifying extraneous values"
    wmsg = check_extra(config, results)
    if wmsg != "":
        print(f"WARNINGS found in configuration file {configfile}")
        print(wmsg)

    if fatalerr:
        print(f"ERRORS found in configuration file {configfile}")
        raise RuntimeError(msg)

    print(f'Configuration {configfile} validated successfully')

if __name__ == "__main__":

    configfile="myconfig.cfg"
    configspec="myconfig_spec.cfg"

    load_config(configfile, configspec)