我正在从postgres DB执行一个简单的选择查询。当我在JPA Repository中使用spring data jpa @Query执行该查询时，查询大约需要6秒。当我使用entityManager.createNativeQuery执行相同的查询时，它需要600毫秒。在我的实体中，也没有到其他实体的Map。我不确定为什么spring data jpa需要那么多时间。

@Entity
@Table(name="transaction_history")
public class TransactionHistory {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    @Id
    private long transactionHistoryId;

    @Column(name = "TRANSACTION_TYPE_ID")
    private int transactionTypeId;

    @Column(name = "SUBSCRIPTION_ID")
    private BigInteger subscriptionId;

    @Column(name = "TRANSACTION_DATE")
    private Date transactionDate;
}

查询耗时6秒：

@Repository
public interface TransactionHistoryRespository extends JpaRepository<TransactionHistory, Long> {
    @Query(value =  "SELECT * FROM (SELECT *"
            + " FROM transaction_history"
            + " WHERE"
            + "      subscription_id = :subscriptionId"
            + "      AND TRANSACTION_TYPE_ID IN (209, 210, 212, 213)"
            + "      AND TOTAL_QUOTE_AMOUNT IS NOT NULL"
            + "      ORDER BY TRANSACTION_DATE DESC) AS transaction_history LIMIT 1"
            , nativeQuery = true)
    TransactionHistory findLastPaymentFailureBySubscriptionId(
            @Param("subscriptionId") BigInteger subscriptionId);

}

查询耗时600毫秒：

javax.persistence.Query query = entityManager.createNativeQuery("SELECT * FROM (SELECT *" +
                "             FROM transaction_history\n" +
                "             WHERE" +
                "            subscription_id = 111901466\n" +
                "            AND TRANSACTION_TYPE_ID IN (209, 210, 212, 213)\n" +
                "            AND TOTAL_QUOTE_AMOUNT IS NOT NULL\n" +
                "            ORDER BY TRANSACTION_DATE DESC) AS transaction_history LIMIT 1");
        List resultList = query.getResultList();

我期待Spring的数据jpa也应该只需要600毫秒。