我猜在代码中注册和取消注册有一些问题，相反，我在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册了两个BroadcastReceivers，并且能够成功地通过额外的操作。

安卓清单.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.myexample" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="16" android:targetSdkVersion="17" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <application android:debuggable="true" android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_icon"
android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity //Main activity... 
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity //Activity 2 ... </activity>//More acitivies ... 

        // Send Receiver
        <receiver android:name="com.sendit.receivers.SendBroadcastReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="SMS_SENT" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        //Delivery Receiver
        <receiver android:name="com.sendit.receivers.DeliveryBroadcastReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="SMS_DELIVERED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>
</manifest>

发送广播接收器.java

public class SendBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();
    private static final String ACTION_SMS_SENT = "SMS_SENT";

    // When the SMS has been sent
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        String action = intent.getAction();

        if (action.equals(ACTION_SMS_SENT)) {

            switch (getResultCode()) {
                case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "SMS Sent", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    Bundle b = intent.getExtras();
                    Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "sendBroadcastReceiver : b is " + b);
                    if (b != null) {
                        String value = b.getString("extra_key");
                        Log.d(DEBUG_TAG, "sendBroadcastReceiver : value is " + value);
                    }
                    break;
                case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "Generic failure", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
                    break;
                case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NO_SERVICE:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "No service", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                        .show();
                    break;
                case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "Null PDU", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
                case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "Radio off", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
            }

        }
    }

}

传送广播接收器.java

public class DeliveryBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();
    private static final String ACTION_SMS_DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";

    // When the SMS has been delivered
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        String action = intent.getAction();

        if (action.equals(ACTION_SMS_DELIVERED)) {

            switch (getResultCode()) {
                case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "SMS Delivered",
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
                case Activity.RESULT_CANCELED:
                    Toast.makeText(context, "SMS not delivered",
                    Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

}

主要活动.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private static String ACTION_SMS_SENT = "SMS_SENT";
    private static String ACTION_SMS_DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";
    private static int MAX_SMS_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 160;

    private static Context mContext;
    private final String DEBUG_TAG = getClass().getSimpleName().toString();

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        mContext = getApplicationContext();

        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        // ... Bind views and set up onClick listeners ( for example, one to call sendSMS() )

    }

    // ---sends an SMS message to another device---
    public static void sendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message) {
        Intent sendIntent = new Intent(ACTION_SMS_SENT);
        sendIntent.putExtra("extra_key", "extra_value"));

        PendingIntent piSent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, sendIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
        PendingIntent piDelivered = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, new Intent(ACTION_SMS_DELIVERED), 0);
        SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault();

        int length = message.length();
        if (length > MAX_SMS_MESSAGE_LENGTH) {
            ArrayList < String > messagelist = smsManager.divideMessage(message);
            smsManager.sendMultipartTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, messagelist, null, null);
        } else 
            smsManager.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, piSent, piDelivered);
        }
    }

    //More methods of MainActivity ... 

}

广播接收器中的任何额外内容为空：

您应该使用FLAG_MUTABLE
下面是一个例子：

PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
     context,
     0,
     intent,
     PendingIntent.FLAG_MUTABLE //not FLAG_IMMUTABLE
)