一种可能的方法是编写一个简单的中间件，检查提供的承载令牌是否与存储在appsettings.json中的令牌相同。

public class BearerAuthenticationMiddleware
{
    private readonly RequestDelegate _next;

    public BearerAuthenticationMiddleware(RequestDelegate next)
    {
        _next = next;
    }

    public async Task InvokeAsync(HttpContext context)
    {
        
        if (!context.Request.Headers.TryGetValue("Authorization", out var
                bearerTokenRequest))
        {
            context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
            await context.Response.WriteAsync("Bearer token not found");
            return;
        }

        var appSettings = context.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IConfiguration>();
        var bearerToken = "Bearer "+ appSettings.GetValue<string>("bearerToken");
        if (bearerToken != bearerTokenRequest)
        {
            context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
            await context.Response.WriteAsync("Invalid bearer token");
            return;
        }

        await _next(context);
    }
}


public class BearerAuthenticationPipeline
{
    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder applicationBuilder)
    {
        applicationBuilder.UseMiddleware<BearerAuthenticationMiddleware>();
    }
}

[MiddlewareFilter(typeof(BearerAuthenticationPipeline))]

public class MyApiController : ControllerBase
{
     ....
}