没有类型为“java.lang.String”的合格Bean可用：应至少有1个Bean符合自动连接候选项的条件,依赖关系注解：

7uhlpewt  于 2023-04-04  发布在  Java
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(172)

我正在使用spring starter-email服务，当有新的招聘信息时，我会向用户发送电子邮件：我下面的this文章从极客为极客，我觉得问题是与 @Values 注解的东西，但无法得到它，但同时运行mvn-clean安装，我得到下面的错误

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'jobController' defined in file [C:\Users\ViShah\IdeaProjects\avatureJobSearch\target\classes\com\avature\controller\JobController.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'jobService' defined in file [C:\Users\ViShah\IdeaProjects\avatureJobSearch\target\classes\com\avature\service\JobService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 2; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'emailService' defined in file [C:\Users\ViShah\IdeaProjects\avatureJobSearch\target\classes\com\avature\service\EmailService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.lang.String' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:229) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1372) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1222) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:953) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:583) ~[spring-context-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:734) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:408) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308) ~[spring-boot-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
    at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:132) ~[spring-boot-test-2.7.0.jar:2.7.0]
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) ~[spring-test-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) ~[spring-test-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    ... 67 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'jobService' defined in file [C:\Users\ViShah\IdeaProjects\avatureJobSearch\target\classes\com\avature\service\JobService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 2; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'emailService' defined in file [C:\Users\ViShah\IdeaProjects\avatureJobSearch\target\classes\com\avature\service\EmailService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.lang.String' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:229) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1372) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1222) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1389) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1309) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    ... 85 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'emailService' defined in file [C:\Users\ViShah\IdeaProjects\avatureJobSearch\target\classes\com\avature\service\EmailService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.lang.String' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:800) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:229) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1372) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1222) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:582) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:542) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:335) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:333) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:208) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.config.DependencyDescriptor.resolveCandidate(DependencyDescriptor.java:276) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1389) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1309) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    ... 99 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.lang.String' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1799) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1355) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1309) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:887) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:791) ~[spring-beans-5.3.20.jar:5.3.20]
    ... 113 common frames omitted

下面是我的电子邮件服务

import com.entity.Job;
import com.entity.User;
import com.repository.UserRepository;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.List;

@Service
@Slf4j
@AllArgsConstructor
public class EmailService {

    @Value(value = "${spring.mail.username}")
    String sender;
    final String HOST = "http://localhost:8080/";
    UserRepository userRepository;
    JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    public void sendEmailWithDetails(Job job){
        List<User> usersList = null;
        if(!job.getPreferredSkills().isEmpty())
            usersList = userRepository.findBySkills(job.getPreferredSkills());
        else{
            usersList = userRepository.findAll();
        }
        for(User user: usersList){
            try {
                generateEmailBodyAndSend(job, user);
            }catch (MessagingException e){
                log.error("error while sending mail to user:"+user.getEmail());
            }
        }
    }

    private void generateEmailBodyAndSend(Job job, User user ) throws MessagingException {
        String body = "<h4>Hey, Found new matching job for you</h4>\n <a href="+HOST+job.getId()+">"+job.getTitle()+"</a>";
        MimeMessage msg = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(msg, true);
        helper.setText(body, true);
        helper.setSubject("Notification");
        helper.setFrom(sender);
        helper.setTo(user.getEmail());
        log.info("sending mail to:"+user.getEmail());
        javaMailSender.send(msg);
        log.info("sent mail to:"+user.getEmail());
    }
}

我正在使用spring-boot 2.7.0和spring-starter-email 2.7.1，下面是我的application.properties文件：

spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost:27017/jobDB
kafka.bootstrapAddress=localhost:9092
spring.mail.host=smtp.gmail.com
spring.mail.port=587
spring.mail.username=testingmynotification@gmail.com
Java

2条答案

按热度按时间
q9yhzks0

q9yhzks01#

问题是Lombok构造函数不会包含@Value注解。相反，它看起来像这样：

public EmailService(String sender, UserRepository userRepository, JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
    this.sender = sender;
    this.userRepository = userRepository;
    this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}

因此，Spring不知道如何传递sender字段，因此它会抱怨没有String类型的bean。
解决方案是编写自己的构造函数：

// Add the @Value to the sender parameter
public EmailService(@Value(value = "${spring.mail.username}") String sender, UserRepository userRepository, JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
    this.sender = sender;
    this.userRepository = userRepository;
    this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}

之后，您可以从sender字段中删除@Value注解（因为它在构造函数上），并删除@AllArgConstructor注解。

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-04
91zkwejq

91zkwejq2#

还有另一种方法可以解决这个问题。这种解决方案不需要编写自己的构造函数。
@AllArgsConstructor注解收集所有类字段（例外是初始化的final字段）。根据您的代码，Lombok将生成如下所示的构造函数。

public EmailService(String sender, UserRepository userRepository, JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
    this.sender = sender;
    this.userRepository = userRepository;
    this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}

由于sender不是一个bean，而只是一个从属性连接的值，因此容器将无法将其作为bean找到。
类似的注解-@RequiredArgsConstructor收集only未初始化的final字段。
要解决这个问题，你应该像下面这样重构代码：

@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class EmailService {

    @Value(value = "${spring.mail.username}")
    String sender;

    final String HOST = "http://localhost:8080/";

    final UserRepository userRepository;
    final JavaMailSender javaMailSender;

    ...
}

现在你的构造器看起来像这样：

public EmailService(UserRepository userRepository, JavaMailSender javaMailSender) {
    this.userRepository = userRepository;
    this.javaMailSender = javaMailSender;
}

注意，final字段需要在构造函数完成之前初始化，之后不能重新赋值。只要不需要在运行时更改repository和sender，这些字段应该是final。

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-04-04
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