根据OP更新进行编辑。
代码中的注解。

import pandas as pd
from datetime import timedelta

# sample data for two data frames
df1 = pd.DataFrame(
    data=np.random.rand(20) + 1,
    columns=["col"],
    index=pd.date_range(
        start="2023-04-01T00:00",
        end="2023-04-07T00:00",
        periods=20)
)

df2 = pd.DataFrame(
    data=np.random.rand(20) + 1,
    columns=["col"],
    index=pd.date_range(
        start="2023-04-01T00:00",
        end="2023-04-07T00:00",
        periods=20)
)

# choose according to your needs
offset_threshold = timedelta(days=1, hours=6)

# choose according to your needs
peak_strength_threshold = 1.8

# highlight peaks by applying some threshold or "peak detection"
df1["peak"] = df1["col"] > peak_strength_threshold
df2["peak"] = df2["col"] > peak_strength_threshold

for index1, row1 in df1.iterrows():
    if row1.peak:
        # find matching peak in df2
        df2_peaks = df2[df2.peak]
        best_match_in_df2 = df2_peaks.iloc[np.abs((df2_peaks.index - index1)).argmin()]

        delta = index1 - best_match_in_df2.name

        # check if the best match is close enough to be published
        if np.abs(delta) < offset_threshold:
            print(delta)