其中一种可能性是将字符串函数与xmltable结合使用：

with t(ID, Value, tstamp) as (
    select 1, '{A,B,C,D}{E,F,G,H}{I,J,K,L}',      date '2022-12-12' from dual union all
    select 5, '{PQR,ZXY,C,A7}{P,Q,R,S}{D,C,B,A}', date '2023-02-17' from dual)

  select id, tstamp, 
         substr(cv, 1, instr(cv,',') - 1) va,
         substr(cv, instr(cv,',', 1, 1)+1, instr(cv,',', 1, 2) - instr(cv,',',1, 1)-1) vb,
         substr(cv, instr(cv,',', 1, 2)+1, instr(cv,',', 1, 3) - instr(cv,',',1, 2)-1) vc,
         substr(cv, instr(cv,',', 1, 3)+1) vd
  from (select id, tstamp, trim(column_value) cv
        from t, xmltable(ltrim(replace(replace(value, '{', ',"'), '}', '"'), ',')) xt);

输出：

ID TSTAMP      VA     VB     VC     VD
 ----- ----------- ------ ------ ------ -------
     1 2022-12-12  A      B      C      D
     1 2022-12-12  E      F      G      H
     1 2022-12-12  I      J      K      L
     5 2023-02-17  PQR    ZXY    C      A7
     5 2023-02-17  P      Q      R      S
     5 2023-02-17  D      C      B      A

您可以使用递归查询和简单的字符串函数：

WITH bounds (id, value, timestamp, spos, c1pos, c2pos, c3pos, epos) AS (
  SELECT id,
         value,
         timestamp,
         1,
         INSTR(value, ',', 1, 1),
         INSTR(value, ',', 1, 2),
         INSTR(value, ',', 1, 3),
         INSTR(value, '}', 1, 1)
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  INSTR(value, '}', 1, 1) > 0
UNION ALL
  SELECT id,
         value,
         timestamp,
         epos + 1,
         INSTR(value, ',', epos + 1, 1),
         INSTR(value, ',', epos + 1, 2),
         INSTR(value, ',', epos + 1, 3),
         INSTR(value, '}', epos + 1, 1)
  FROM   bounds
  WHERE  INSTR(value, '}', epos + 1, 1) > 0
)
SELECT id,
       SUBSTR(value, spos + 1, c1pos - spos - 1) AS value1,
       SUBSTR(value, c1pos + 1, c2pos - c1pos - 1) AS value2,
       SUBSTR(value, c2pos + 1, c3pos - c2pos - 1) AS value3,
       SUBSTR(value, c3pos + 1, epos - c3pos - 1) AS value4,
       timestamp
FROM   bounds;

其中，对于样本数据：

CREATE TABLE table_name (ID, Value, Timestamp) AS
SELECT 1, '{A,B,C,D}{E,F,G,H}{I,J,K,L}', DATE '2022-12-12' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, '{XYZ,ABC,DEF,PQR}{12345,,34,9876}', SYSDATE FROM DUAL

输出：
| ID|价值1|价值2|价值3|价值4|时间戳|
| --------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|--------------|
| 1|A|B|C|D|2019 - 06 - 22 00：00：00|
| 二|XYZ|ABC|DEF|PQR|2023-04-06 21：26：15|
| 1|E|F|G|H|2019 - 06 - 22 00：00：00|
| 二|一二三四五|联系我们|三十四|九八七六|2023-04-06 21：26：15|
| 1|我|J|K|L|2019 - 06 - 22 00：00：00|
fiddle