您似乎正在使用从PL/SQL过程返回的REF CURSOR。
以下PL/SQL过程：

drop table t purge;
create table t (IntCol number, StringCol varchar2(4), DateCol date);

insert into t (IntCol, StringCol, DateCol) values (1, 'abcd', sysdate);
insert into t (IntCol, StringCol, DateCol) values (2, 'efgh', sysdate);
commit;

create or replace procedure myrefcursorproc2 (rc out sys_refcursor) as
begin
    open rc for select IntCol, StringCol from t;
end;
/

可用于：

import getpass
import os

import oracledb

un = os.environ.get('PYTHON_USERNAME')
cs = os.environ.get('PYTHON_CONNECTSTRING')
pw = getpass.getpass(f'Enter password for {un}@{cs}: ')

with oracledb.connect(user=un, password=pw, dsn=cs) as connection:
    with connection.cursor() as cursor:
        ref_cursor = connection.cursor()
        cursor.callproc("myrefcursorproc2", [ref_cursor])
        column_names = [desc[0] for desc in ref_cursor.description]
        print(column_names)

运行此命令将给出REF CURSOR的列名：

Enter password for cj@localhost/orclpdb1: 
['INTCOL', 'STRINGCOL']